VARIASI GENETIK KAMBING BENGGALA DI KABUPATEN MANGGARAI BARAT BERDASARKAN METODE RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA
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Abstract
Indonesia memiliki beberapa jenis kambing lokal yang memiliki periode adaptasi yang panjang dengan kondisi alam di Indonesia. Kambing merupakan salah satu plasma nutfah yang sangat penting dalam mendukung perekonomian masyarakat pedesaan. Benggala adalah jenis kambing lokal yang berasal dari pulau Flores, propinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur dan kambing Benggala memiliki ciri khas. Teknik RAPD memiliki beberapa keunggulan dan telah banyak digunakan pada studi keragaman genetik kambing. Total 50 sampel darah kambing Benggala yang diambil dari empat kecamatan di Kabupaten Manggarai Barat. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji variasi genetik kambing Benggala dengan menggunakan primer OPA-6 dan OPA-16. Primer OPA-6 terdiri dari 0-11 band, sedangkan primer OPA-16 terdiri dari 0-7 band. Total jumlah pita yang dihasilkan pada primer OPA-6 dari semua sampel adalah 456, sementara primer OPA-16 adalah 314. Kemiripan genetik terendah antara individu-individu kambing Benggala adalah 44% dari sampel K46. Berdasarkan populasi sampel, tingkat kemiripan genetik rata-rata adalah 72%. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa keragaman genetik kambing Benggala tergolong rendah.
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