PERBANYAKAN AKASIA HIBRIDA (Acacia mangium — Acacia auriculiformis) MELALUI SUBKULTUR BERULANG
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Abstract
Kultur in vitro merupakan suatu teknik yang menjanjikan untuk perbanyakan massal spesies-tanaman bernilai tinggi. Penelitian perbanyakan akasia hibrid (A. mangium x A. auriculiformis) melalui kulturin vitro telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan eksplan berupa batang satu buku yang berasal dari anakan. Media tumbuh yang digunakan adalah media dasar Murashige dan Skoog (MS) yang sudah dimodifikasi, media dasar Woody Plant Medium (WPM), dan Gamborg (B5). Penelitian dilakukan dalam dua tahap yaitu induksi tunas dan perbanyakan tunas. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah penggunaan Benzyl Adenine (BA) dengan konsentrasi 0,3; 0,7 dan 1,0 mg L-1. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap waktu induksi tunas, jumlah tunas, tinggi tunas dan penampilan biakan secara visual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan BA 0,7 mg L-1 pada media MS modifikasi merupakan perlakuan terbaik untuk induksi tunas, perbanyakan tunas, tinggi tunas, dan kondisi biakan secara visual. Jumlah rata-rata tunas yang dihasilkan dari perlakuan ini adalah 2,6; 5,0 dan 7,7 tunas pada subkultur pertama, kedua dan ketiga. Pada penggunaan media dasar berbeda pada subkultur keempat menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan BA 0,7 mg L-1 merupakan perlakuan terbaik dengan jumlah tunas sebanyak 12,60 tunas dan rata-rata tinggi tunas 6,97 cm. Biakan yang dihasilkan dari perlakuan tersebut mempunyai penampilan yang baik dan normal.
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