OPTIMASI MEDIUM PERBANYAKAN IN VITRO TUNAS TALAS KALIURANG (Colocasia esculenta L.) DIPLOID DAN TETRAPLOID
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Talas Kaliurang memiliki rasa yang enak dan toleran terhadap hama dan penyakit tertentu, namun pengembangannya terkendala oleh ketercukupan benih bermutu. Upaya perbaikan mutu tanaman telah dilakukan sebelumnya melalui poliploidisasi. Perbanyakan tunas merupakan langkah penting, yang membutuhkan formula spesifik untuk media kultur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimasi medium perbanyakan tunas in vitro dari satu klon diploid dan tiga klon tetraploid, yang dikulturkan pada enam konsentrasi tiamin dan adenin dalam media MS yang mengandung BAP. Tunas kemudian diinduksi akar, lalu diaklimatisasi, dan pengukuran tingkat ploidi menggunakan flow cytometry. Media pengakaran adalah ½ MS tanpa ZPT, media aklimatisasi adalah campuran tanah steril, sekam dan kokopit. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa medium MS + 2 mg L-1 BAP + 4 mg L-1 tiamin + 2 mg L-1 adenin merupakan medium optimum dengan rata-rata 3,45 tunas per-eksplan. Hasil aklimatisasi menunjukkan bahwa 99,1% tanaman dapat bertahan hidup. Analisis ploidi dengan flow cytometry menunjukkan bahwa tanaman hasil regenerasi tunas talas Kaliurang tetraploid memiliki tingkat ploidi yang stabil.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
a). Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
b). Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
c). Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
References
Azmi TKK, Sukma D, Aziz SA, Syukur M (2016) Polyploidy induction of moth orchid (Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume) by colchicine treatment on pollinated flowers. J Agric Sci Sri Lanka 11: 62-73. doi: 10.4038/jas.v11i2.8118
Banjaw DT (2017) Review of taro (Colocasia esculenta) genetics and breeding. J Hortic 4: 196. doi: 10.4172/2376-0354.1000196
Bhojwani SS, Dantu PK (2013) Plant tissue culture: An introduction text. Springer, New Delhi. doi: 10.1007/978-81-322-1026-9
Darkwa S, Darkwa AA (2013) Taro “Colocasia esculenta”: It’s utilization in food products in Ghana. J Food Process Technol 4: 225. doi: 10.4172/2157-7110.1000225
Du Q, Wang H, Xie J (2011) Thiamine (vitamin B1) biosynthesis and regulation: A rich source of antimicrobial drug targets? Int J Biol Sci 7: 41-52. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.7.41
Ermayanti TM, Wijayanta AN, Ratnadewi D (2018) Induksi poliploidi pada tanaman talas (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) kultivar kaliurang dengan perlakuan kolkisin secara in vitro. J Biol Indones 14: 91-102. doi: 10.14203/jbi.v14i1.3667
Grzegorczyk-Karolak I, Kuzma L, Wysokinska H (2015) The effect of cytokinins on shoot proliferation, secondary metabolite production and antioxidant potential in shoot cultures of Scutellaria alpina. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 122: 699-708. doi: 10.1007/s11240-015-0804-5
Hattu W, Parera DF, Raharjo SHT (2018) Penggunaan adenin sulfat pada perbanyakan mikro talas Jepang. Agrologia 7: 59-70. doi: 10.30598/a.v7i2.763
Iswari RS, Yuniastuti A (2006) Biokimia. Graha Ilmu, Yogyakarta
Jasinski S, Piazza P, Craft J, Hay A, Woolley L, Rieu I, Phillips A, Hedden P, Tsiantis M (2005). KNOX action in Arabidopsis is mediated by coordinate regulation of cytokinin and gibberellin activities. Curr Biol 15: 1560-1565. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2005.07.023
Khan MK, Misra P, Sharma T, Shukla PK, Ramteke PW (2014) Effect of adenine sulphate on in vitro mass propagation of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. J Med Plant Res 8: 543-549. doi: 10.5897/JMPR2013.5217
Kristina NN, Syahid SF (2015) Pengaruh kolkhisin terhadap penampilan lada (Piper nigrum L.) mutan dan analisis ploidi. J Littri 21: 125-130. doi: 10.21082/littri.v21n3.2015.125-130
Lestari EG (2011) Peranan zat pengatur tumbuh dalam perbanyakan tanaman melalui kultur jaringan. J AgroBiogen 7: 63-68. doi: 10.21082/jbio.v7n1.2011.p63-68
Maretta D, Handayani DP, Rosdayanti H, Tanjung A (2016) Multiplikasi tunas dan induksi umbi mikro satoimo (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott) pada beberapa konsentrasi sukrosa dan benzilaminopurin. J Bioteknol Biosains Indones 3: 81-88. doi: 10.29122/jbbi.v3i2.150
Murashige T, Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bio assays for tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol Plant 15: 473-497. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3054.1962.tb08052.x
Naaz A, Shahzad A, Anis M (2014) Effect of adenine sulphate interaction on growth and development of shoot regeneration and inhibition of shoot tip necrosis under in vitro condition in adult Syzygium cumini L.—A multipurpose tree. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 173: 90-102. doi: 10.1007/s12010-014-0797-2
Onofri A, Pannacci E (2014) Spreadsheet tools for biometry classes in crop science programmes. Commun Biometry Crop Sci 9: 43-53
Prana MS, Kuswara T (2002) Budidaya Talas: Diversifikasi untuk menunjang ketahanan pangan nasional. Medikom Pustaka Mandiri, Jakarta
Sarropoulou V, Dimassi-Theriou K, Therios I (2015) Medium strength in inorganics and PVP concentration effects on cherry rootstocks in vitro rooting. Hort Sci (Prague) 42: 185-192. doi: 10.17221/359/2014-hortsci
Sepulveda-Nieto MDP, Bonifacio-Anacleto F, de Figueiredo CF, de Moraes-Filho RM, Alzate-Marin AL (2017) Accessible morphological and genetic markers for identification of taioba and taro, two forgotten human foods. Horticulturae 3: 49. doi: 10.3390/horticulturae3040049
Sharma V, Kamal B, Srivastava N, Dobriyal AK, Jadon VS (2014) In Vitro flower induction from shoots regenerated from cultured axillary buds of endangered medicinal herb Swertia chirayita H. Karst. Biotechnol Res Int 2014: 264690. doi: 10.1155/2014/264690
Singh AK, Sharma MK, Chaudhary R, Sengar RS (2017) Effects of BAP and adenin sulphate on shoot regeneration from callus in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Biotech Today 7: 49-51. doi: 10.5958/2322-0996.2017.00006.0
Sinta MM (2018) Induksi mutasi stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bert) Klon BS dengan kolkisin untuk meningkatkan kandungan steviosida dan rebaudiosida-A. Tesis, Institut Pertanian Bogor
Tulay E, Unal M (2010) Production of colchicine induced tetraploids in Vicia villosa roth. Caryologia 63: 292-303. doi: 10.1080/00087114.2010.10589739
Wada E, Asfaw Z, Feyissa T, Tesfaye K (2017) Farmers perception of agromorphological traits and uses cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) Schott) grown in Ethiopia. Afr J Agric Res 12: 2681-2691. doi: 10.5897/AJAR2017.12465
Werner T, Schmulling T (2009) Cytokinin action in plant development. Curr Opin Plant Biol 12: 527-538. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2009.07.002
Wulansari A, Martin AF, Ermayanti TM (2014) Peningkatan multiplikasi tunas beberapa aksesi talas Indonesia menggunakan tiamin dan adenin serta preservasinya secara in vitro pada suhu rendah. Prosiding Seminar Nasional: Hasil Penelitian Unggulan Bidang Pangan Nabati. Bogor 25 September 2014. hal 355-365. doi: 10.13140/RG.2.1.5090.6647
Wulansari A, Martin AF, Rantau DE, Ermayanti TM (2013) Perbanyakan beberapa aksesi talas (Colocasia esculenta L.) diploid secara kultur jaringan dan konservasinya mendukung diversifikasi pangan. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Riset Pangan, Obat-obatan dan Lingkungan untuk Kesehatan. Bogor 27-28 Juni 2013. hal 11-19. ISBN: 978-602-14503-1-4
Zhang X, Chen Y, Lin X, Hong X, Zhu Y, Li W, He W, An F, Guo H (2013) Adenine phosphoribosyl transferase 1 is a key enzyme catalyzing cytokinin conversion from nucleobases to nucleotides in Arabidopsis. Mol Plant 6: 1661-1672. doi: 10.1093/mp/sst071