A Rare Earth Oxides-Containing Internal Reference Material of Purified Monazite from Bangka Island
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29122/mipi.v16i2.4879Keywords:
Monazite, Internal Reference material, XRF, REEAbstract
Monazite mineral contains a sufficient composition of rare earth elements which are currently required widely in modern industries. Reference materials are needed to validate the measurement results, including the rare earth elements analysis. This study presents the processing of purified monazite from the PT Timah Metallurgical Unit in Muntok to become low-cost and rare earth oxides-containing internal reference material. Eight X-ray fluorescence measurements of four splits of the monazite were done for precision test and to establish its information values. The high CeO2 and LaO2 composition (>10%) implies the economic worth of the studied sample. Based on the acceptance criteria of RSDexperimental <10%, RSDexperimental ?66%xCVHorwitz, and Horrat <2, the concentration of fourteen analytes is acceptable to be set as information values. The studied monazite content resembles the other purified one of Myanmar. Its much lower phosphate composition signifies that the sample is more precious than refined monazites from Iran and Australia.
References
Jochum, K.P., Weis, U., Schwager, B., Stoll, B., Wilson, S.A., Haug, G.H., Andreae, M.O., Enzweiler, J., Reference values following ISO guidelines for frequently requested rock reference materials, Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research, vol.40(3), 2016, p.333-350.
Irzon, R., Pembuatan Material Acuan Internal Berupa Batuan Pada Zona Kaolinisasi dari Kokap Kulon Progo Menggunakan ICP-MS, Jurnal Standardisasi, vol.19(2), 2017, p.103-112. (in Bahasa).
Zuas, O., Budiman, H., Hamim, N, Measurement of SF6 Using GC-ECD: A Comparative Study on The Utilization of CO2-N2 Mixture and CH4-Ar Mixture as A Make-up Gas, Chemistry & Chemical Technology, vol.11(4), 2017, p.420-429.
Irzon, R., Kurnia, Pembuktian Mutu Nilai Acuan Pada Bahan Acuan Standar Internal SS Pang 10 Melalui Uji Banding Laboratorium, Jurnal Standardisasi, vol.21(2), 2019, p.125 – 134. (in Bahasa)
Binnemans, K., Jones, P.T., Van Acker, K., Blanpain, B., Mishra, B., Apelian, D., Rare-earth economics: the balance problem, Jom, vol.65(7), 2013, p.846-848.
Campbell, G.A., Rare earth metals: a strategic concern, Mineral Economics, vol.27(1), 2014, p.21-31.
Nassar, N.T., Du, X., Graedel, T.E., Criticality of the rare earth elements, Journal of Industrial Ecology, vol.19(6), 2015, p.1044-1054.
Jordens, A., Cheng, Y.P., & Waters, K.E., A review of the beneficiation of rare earth element bearing minerals, Minerals Engineering, vol.41, 2013, p.97-114.
Hassanien, W.A.G., Desouky, O.A.N., Hussein,S.S.E., Bioleaching of some rare earth elements from Egyptian monazite using Aspergillus ficuum and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Walailak Journal of Science and Technology, vol.11(9), 2014, p.809-823.
Irzon, R., Syafri, I., Hutabarat, J., Sendjaja, P., REE Comparison Between Muncung Granite Samples and their Weathering Products, Lingga Regency, Riau Islands, Indonesian Journal on Geoscience, vol.3(3), 2016, p.149-161.
Zulfahmi, A.R., Zuhairi, W., Raihan, M.T., Sahibin, A.R., Razi, I.W.M., Tukimat, L., Influence of amang (tin tailing) on geotechnical properties of clay soil, Sains Malaysiana, vol.41(3), 2012, p.303-312.
Irzon, R., Thorium and Total REE Correlation in Stream Sediment Samples from Lingga Regency, Eksplorium, vol.39(1), 2018, p.1-16.
Purwadi, I., van der Werff, H., Lievens, C., Reflectance spectroscopy and geochemical analysis of rare earth element-bearing tailings: A case study of two abandoned tin mine sites in Bangka Island, Indonesia. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, vol.74, 2019, p.239-247.
Udayakumar, S., Noor, A. F. M., Hamid, S.A.R.S.A., Putra, T.A.R., Anderson, C. G., Chemical and Mineralogical Characterization of Malaysian Monazite Concentrate. Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration, 2020, p.1-17.
Al-Areqi, W., Majid, A.A., Sarmani, P., Digestion study of water leach purification (WLP) residue for possibility of thorium extraction, Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, vol.18(1), 2014, p.221-225.
Ashraf, A., Saion, E., Gharibshahi, E., Kamari, H.M., Kong, Y.C., Hamzah, M.S., Elias, M.S., Rare earth elements in core marine sediments of coastal East Malaysia by instrumental neutron activation analysis, Applied Radiation and Isotopes, vol.107, 2016, p.17-23.
Ulrich, M., Bureau, S., Chauvel, C., Picard, C., Accurate measurement of rare earth elements by ICP?MS after ion?exchange separation: Application to ultra?depleted samples, Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research, vol.36(1), 2012, p.7-20.
Irzon, R., Syafri, I., Ghani, A.A., Prabowo, A., Hutabarat, J., Sendjaja, P., Petrography and geochemistry of the Pinkish Lagoi Granite, Bintan Island: Implication to magmatic differentiation, classification, and tectonic history, Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia, vol.69, 2020, p.27-37.
Kim, E., Osseo-Asare, K., Aqueous stability of thorium and rare earth metals in monazite hydrometallurgy: Eh–pH diagrams for the systems Th–, Ce–, La–, Nd–(PO4)–(SO4)–H2O at 25o C, Hydrometallurgy, vol.113, 2012, p.67-78.
Borai, E.H., Hamed, M.M., El-Din, A.S., A new method for processing of low-grade monazite concentrates, Journal of the Geological Society of India, vol.89(5), 2017, 600-604.
Tar, A.T., Myo, T.Z., Hlaing, T.M., Win, B.B.M., Study on processing of rare earth oxide from monazite, mongmit myitsone region, American Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences, vol.27(1), 2017, p.43-51.
Sadri, F., Rashchi, F., Amini, A., Hydrometallurgical digestion and leaching of Iranian monazite concentrate containing rare earth elements Th, Ce, La and Nd, International Journal of Mineral Processing, vol.159, 2017, p.7-15.
Kumari, A., Panda, R., Jha, M. K., Kumar, J.R., Lee, J.Y., Process development to recover rare earth metals from monazite mineral: A review. Minerals Engineering, vol.79, 2015, p.102-115.
Panda, R., Kumari, A., Jha, M.K., Hait, J., Kumar, V., Kumar, J.R., Lee, J.Y., Leaching of rare earth metals (REMs) from Korean monazite concentrate, Journal of industrial and engineering chemistry, vol.20(4), 2014, p.2035-2042.
Borra, C.R., Blanpain, B., Pontikes, Y., Binnemans, K., Van Gerven, T., Recovery of rare earths and other valuable metals from bauxite residue (red mud): a review, Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy, vol.2(4), 2016, p.365-386.
Irzon, R., Kurnia, K., Haryanto, A.D., Presisi Pengukuran Produk Samping Tambang Timah Nudur Menggunakan Analisis XRF dan Peluang Ekonomi Produknya, Jurnal Teknologi Mineral dan Batubara, vol.16(2), 2020, p.69-79.
Hazirah, A.A., Rofiee, M.S., Jam, M.Z.J., Jamari, M.H., Janor, R.M., James, R.J., Kek,T.L., Salleh, M.Z., Method Development and Validation for Quantification of Cortisol and Cortisone Using Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, vol.23(2), 2019, p.336-344.
Oyedotun, T.D.T., X-ray fluorescence (XRF) in the investigation of the composition of earth materials: a review and an overview, Geology, Ecology, and Landscapes, vol.2(2), 2018, p.148-154.
Rasmussen, R.R., Qian, Y., Sloth, J.J., SPE HG-AAS method for the determination of inorganic arsenic in rice results from method validation studies and a survey on rice products, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, vol.405(24), 2013, p.7851-7857.
Torres, D.P., Martins-Teixeira, M.B., Cadore, S., Queiroz, H.M., Method validation for control determination of mercury in fresh fish and shrimp samples by solid sampling thermal decomposition/amalgamation atomic absorption spectrometry, Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B, vol.50(7), 2015, p.514-522.
Désenfant, M., Priel, M., Reference and additional methods for measurement uncertainty evaluation, Measurement, vol.95, 2017, p.339-344.
Ngama, J.E., Lasur, M.K., Akanbi, E.S., Magnetic Susceptibility Levels of Cassiterite Tailings in Jos, Plateau state, North-Central Nigeria, African Journal of Natural Sciences, vol.14, 2015, p.33-37.
Irzon, R., Kurnia, K., Skema Fire Assay dan ICP-MS pada Pengukuran Kadar Paladium dalam Sampel Batuan, Majalah Ilmiah Pengkajian Industri, vol.13(2), 2019, p.187-194.
Eagle, R.M., Birch, W.D., McKnight, S., Phosphate minerals in granitic pegmatites from the Mount Wills district, north-eastern Victoria, Proceedings of the royal Society of Victoria, vol.127(2), 2015, p.55-68.
Lupulescu, M.V., Chiarenzelli, J.R., Singer, J., Rare Earth Element and Yttrium Mineral Occurrences in the Adirondack Mountains, Adirondack Journal of Environmental Studies, 21(1), 2016, 8.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Open Access Policy
MIPI provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.
MIPI by BRIN is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at http://ejurnal.bppt.go.id/index.php/MIPI
