Permintaan Perjalanan Angkutan Umum Massal Kota Surabaya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29122/mipi.v8i2.3650Keywords:
Mass transit, Trip distribution, Gravity modelAbstract
Sebagaimana kota–kota metropolitan di dunia, kemacetan menjadi permasalahan utama dalam bidang transportasi perkotaan. Kemacetan terjadi pada umumnya karena ketidakseimbangan antara penyediaan (supply) dengan permintaan (demand). Usaha untuk menekan jumlah kendaraan di jalan, salah satunya, adalah dengan mempromosikan pengunaan angkutan umum kota. Oleh karena itu diperlukan sebuah perencanaan penyediaan fasilitas angkutan umum. Untuk memperkirakan permintaan angkutan umum dibangun model lalu lintas yang mereplikakan bangkitan, pola dan pembebanan perjalanan. Hasil kalibrasi model distribusi perjalanan menggunakan gravity model diperoleh fungsi impedance yang terbentuk dari fungsi waktu perjalanan dengan faktor ï¢Â sebesar 0.063. Perbedaan mean trip length model (dengan observed adalah -5,4%. Mean trip length (MTL) model dengan angkutan umum adalah 17,04 menit dan hasil survai 18,02 menit. Model yang terbangun validasinya cukup baik dengan indikator R2 terhadap data observed sebesar 0,88. Hasil dari seluruh tahapan proses pemodelan diperoleh total permintaan perjalanan dengan angkutan umum tahun 2030 diperkirakan mencapai 67.800.434 penumpang/tahun.
Kata kunci: Angkutan umum masal, Distribusi perjalanan, Gravity model.
Abstract
As metropolitan cities in the world, congestion becomes a major problem in the field of urban transport. Congestion occurs generally due to an imbalance between supplyand demand. Attempts to reduce the number of vehicles on the road, one of which, is to promote the utilization of public transport. Therefore we need a plan for the provision of public transport facilities. To estimate the demand for public transport, it is built transport model which is replicating the trip generation, trip distribution and trip assignment. The results of the trip distribution model calibration using a gravity model obtained impedance function which is formed from travel time functionby a ï¢ï€ factor of 0.063. Mean trip length difference between model and observed is equal -5,4%.Mean trip length (MTL) model utilizing public transportsis about 17.04 minutes whereasMTL resulted from traffic survey is about 18.02 minutes.The model validation is quite well with observed data by showing the R2 indicatorof about 0.88.The results fromall stages modeling process obtained total travel demand by public transport in the year of 2030 is estimated at about 67,800,434 passengers/year.
Keywords: Mass transit, Trip distribution, Gravity model.
References
Black, J.A., Urban Tranport Planning:â€The Analysis of Travel Demandâ€, Cromm Helm, London, 1981, hal. 61-104.
Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Surabaya,Surabaya Dalam Angka,2011
Dajan, Anto, Pengantar Metode Statistik Jilid I, LP3ES, 1993, hal 367 – 369
Dinas PU Bina Marga dan Pematusan Kota Surabaya, 2011
http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/CrimeStat/files/C rimeStatChapter.14.pdf
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