STUDI EKSPERIMEN MODEL WATER FLOW DEFLECTOR UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PERFORMA TURBIN ARUS LAUT TIPE VERTIKAL PADA KECEPATAN ARUS RENDAH
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Abstract
Indonesia mempunyai potensi energi arus laut sebesar 17.989 MW yang telah diratifikasi oleh Asosiasi Energi Laut Indonesia (ASELI) pada tahun 2014. Hasil survei tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kecepatan arus laut di Indonesia tergolong rendah, namun potensinya sangat besar. Potensi tersebut belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal untuk menutupi kekurangan rasio elektrifikasi di Indonesia. Adapun dalam memanfaatkannya dibutuhkan teknologi turbin untuk mengkonversi menjadi energi listrik. Turbin yang dapat bekerja pada kecepatan arus rendah adalah tipe vertikal sudu lurus, namun efisiensi yang dihasilkan masih cukup rendah. Sehingga, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan performa turbin arus laut tipe vertikal dengan menambahkan water flow deflector. Prinsip kerja deflector berdasarkan Hukum Kontinuitas, dengan memperkecil luas permukaan input maka arus laut yang mengenai turbin akan meningkat sehingga menghasilkan putaran dan torsi yang lebih besar. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah eksperimen karena lebih mendekati dengan kondisi aktual. Hasil akhir penelitian ini telah menunjukkan bahwa, water flow deflector telah meningkatkan performa turbin sebesar 216,67%. Sehingga, water flow deflector sangat direkomendasikan untuk diterapkan di wilayah perairan Indonesia yang cenderung berkecepatan arus rendah.
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