Studi Recovery Tembaga dari Limbah Elektrolit Pemurnian Perak Menggunakan Proses Ekstraksi Pelarut Electrowinning dengan Mextral 5640H Sebagai Ekstraktan [Study of Copper Recovery from Spent Electrolyte Silver by Solvent Extraction – Electrowinning Using Mextral 5640 H]
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Abstract
Numerous investigations have been done forvaluable metals recovery from liquid waste. One of the methods that has been used is solvent extraction – electrowinning. In this paper, copper recovery from spent electrolyte of silver electrorefining by solvent extraction, stripping and electrowining is discussed. A series of copper solvent extraction experiments using Mextral 5640H were conducted on two types of spent electrolyte samples. The first sample is spent electrolyte of silver electrorefining without treatment and has nitrate matrix, while the second one is the spent electrolyte that has undergone silver deposition process by chloride salt addition, thus has a chloride matrix. The solvent extraction experiments by using the first spent electrolyte sample did not result in adequate copper extraction and was not selective to silver. By using 15% (v/v) Mextral 5640H, co-extraction of silver reached 10%, while extracted copper was only 31%. Solvent extraction tests with the second spent electrolyte sample resulted in the highest copper extraction of 97% at 25% (v/v) Mextral 5640H, equilibrium pH 2, O/A ratio 2/1 and temperature 25 °C. The analysis revealed that copper extraction in chloride solution by Mextral 5640H is an exothermic process with ΔH value of -2.97 kJ/mole. The highest recovery of stripping process was 87.1% obtained at 200 g/L sulfuric acid, O/A ratio 2/1 and temperature 46 °C with copper concentration in aquesous solution of 50 g/L. Current efficiency of electrowining process was 98.7%, with cell voltage of 2.4 volt and electrical energy consumption of 2077 kWh/ton of copper
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