PENGARUH CEKAMAN KEKERINGAN TERHADAP EKSPRESI GEN KETAHANAN OSCATA DAN OSAPX1 PADA PADI TOLERAN KEKERINGAN
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Abstract
Rice is widely cultivated in Indonesia, where one of the problems is drought. Rice plant growth can be inhibited due to a lack of water, which could cause oxidative stress. One mechanism for self-defence involves activating antioxidative genes. This study aims to determine the regulatory response of OsCATA and OsAPX1 resistance genes in rice under drought stress. The rice varieties used were those already pre-tested, including Siak Raya, Sertani 1, Indragiri, IR64. Drought treatments were 0% (control) and 15% PEG 6000. Results indicated that the interaction of rice variety treatment and drought stress had a highly significant effect on the root length and chlorophyll content but no significant effect on the plant height. Also, the gene expression of OsCATA and OsAPX1 increased in rice plants exposed to drought stress. Variety Sertani 1 was recommended due to their high average increase in root length, reduced average plant height and chlorophyll content, as well as increased gene expression in conditions of drought stress.
Padi banyak dibudidayakan di Indonesia, di mana salah satu permasalahannya adalah kekeringan. Pertumbuhan tanaman padi dapat terhambat akibat kekurangan air, yang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya stres oksidatif. Salah satu mekanisme pertahanan diri adalah mengaktifkan gen antioksidatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui respons regulasi gen ketahanan OsCATA dan OsAPX1 pada padi yang mengalami cekaman kekeringan. Benih varietas padi yang digunakan sudah diuji pendahuluan sebelumnya, antara lain Siak Raya, Sertani 1, Indragiri, IR64. Perlakuan kekeringan yaitu 0% (kontrol) dan 15% PEG 6000. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan interaksi perlakuan varietas padi dengan cekaman kekeringan signifikan terhadap panjang akar, dan total klorofil namun tidak signifikan terhadap tinggi tanaman. Ekspresi gen OsCATA dan OsAPX1 meningkat pada tanaman padi yang mengalami cekaman kekeringan. Tanaman yang direkomendasikan adalah varietas Sertani 1 yang memiliki peningkatan rata-rata panjang akar yang tinggi, penurunan rata-rata tinggi tanaman, dan kandungan klorofil rendah, serta meningkatnya ekspresi gen pada kondisi cekaman kekeringan.
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