IRIGASI TIRTAYASA : TEKNIK PENGELOLAAN AIR KESULTANAN BANTEN PADA ABAD KE-17 M
Keywords:
Kesultanan Banten, Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Teknologi, Pertanian, Irigasi, Sultanate of Banten, Technology, Agriculture, IrrigationAbstract
Abstrak: Tulisan ini menyajikan hasil penelitian arkeologi yang mengungkap sisi agraris dari
Kesultanan Banten, berdasarkan peninggalan irigasi dari abad ke 17. Tercatat dalam sejarah bahwa
sebuah rekayasa dilakukan untuk membangun tata air dalam skala besar untuk pertanian intensif
di pesisir Banten. Pembangunan itu diprakarsai Sultan Ageng yang bergelar Tirtayasa. Melalui
pendekatan excavasi bukti-bukti jejak hidro-arkeologi ditemukan kembali, tersebar di antara Sungai
Ciujung, Sungai Cidurian dan Sungai Cipasilihan. Ragam peninggalan antara lain berupa bekas
kanal-kanal, tanggul buatan, jembatan, pintu air, dan bangunan pengontrol air. Pendekatan adaptasi
manusia dan lingkungan digunakan untuk menjelaskan kemampuan teknik membangun tata air, yang
merupakan tindakan dan konsekuensi dari upaya mengatasi problem situasi lingkungan setempat, dan
menyatukannya dalam sebuah sistem besar. Rekayasa teknologi hidrolika ini, diselenggarakan untuk
mendukung kebutuhan pangan. Bukti-bukti itu, menunjukan ketangguhan rekayasa pengelolaan tata
air, pada masa itu.
Kata Kunci: Kesultanan Banten, Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Teknologi, Pertanian, Irigasi.
Abstract. Irrigation of Tirtayasa: Water Management Technique of the Sultanate of Banten in the
17th century. This paper presents the results of archaeological research that revealed the agricultural
sideview of the Sultanate of Banten, based on the findings of the irrigation features of the 17th century.
It has been recorded in history that an engineering done to build a water management system in a
large scale for intensive agricultural purposes in the coastal region of Banten. The opening of the
agricultural land was initiated by Sultan Ageng also known epithet of honor as Tirtayasa. Variety
of finding features include former canals, artificial embankments, bridges, water gates and water
control building. Human adaptation and environmental approaches used to describe the ability of
the technology to build the water system, which is an actions and consequences of efforts to solve
problems of the local environmental situation, then put it together in a large system. The hydraulics
engineering, held in support of food security. All the evidence, showing toughness engineered water
management system, at that time
Keywords: Sultanate of Banten, Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Technology, Agriculture, Irrigation.
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Copyright (c) 2013 Sonny C. Wibisono
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