Callus culture growth induction of lakum (Causonis trifolia (L.) Mabb. & J.Wen) explants with additional NAA (Naphthalene Acetic Acid) and BAP (6-Benzyl Amino Purines)

Abstract

Lakum plant (Causonis trifolia (L.) Mabb. & J.Wen) contains secondary metabolites with potential medicinal ingredients. It can treat various diseases, such as antidiabetic, antibacterial, antiprotozoal, antitumor, and anti-cancer. Propagation and production of secondary metabolites in plants can be carried out in vitro through callus culture and are influenced by the concentration of growth regulators. This study aimed to determine the effect of NAA (Naphthalene Acetic Acid) and BAP (6-Benzyl Amino Purin) on callus growth of hypocotyl lakum (C. trifolia) explants and to determine the concentration of addition of NAA and BAP that could produce the best callus growth. Completely randomized design (CRD) factorial with two factors adding NAA (0, 0.45, 0.9, and 1.4 µg/l) and BAP (0, 0.23, and 0.56 µg/l). The results showed that adding a single NAA and a combination of NAA and BAP significantly affected callus emergence. The fastest callus emergence was found in a combination of 0.45 µg/l NAA + 0.23 µg/l BAP, 13 days after planting. Both NAA and BAP alone significantly affect the weight of dry and wet callus. The administration of a single NAA and a single BAP had a significant effect on the wet weight and dry weight of callus, with the highest average wet callus weight at a concentration of BAP 0.56 µg/l, which was 4.431 g, and the highest dry weight callus concentration of BAP 0.56 µg/l was 0.192 g.