Pilihan pekerjaan penduduk lanjut usia pada sebelum dan saat pandemi Covid-19

Abstract

As Indonesia will experience population aging in 2023, one way to deal with the impacts of this population phenomenon is by encouraging older people to become potential in the labor market. The employment trend from 2011 to 2020 has shown that the percentage of older workers in Indonesia tends to increase annually and around 85% of them employed in the informal sector. This study aims to analyze the socio-demographic characteristics that influence the choice of work for older workers before and during the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia. The choice of work in this study refers to formal, informal self-employment, informal wages, and unpaid/family work. This study applies a quantitative approach by using descriptive frequency and multinomial logistic regression analysis. Data were obtained from the National Labor Force Survey (Sakernas) 2019 and 2021. The results showed that the probability of older workers who stopped working in the last year to be accommodated in informal self-employment work increased the most. In addition, someone with higher education will have better freedom in choosing the type of employment in old ages, not only in income stability, but also in job flexibility. The government is expected to provide special assistance to small and medium enterprises managed by older people, such as capital assistance and mentoring during the Covid-19 pandemic.