Pengaruh modal sosial terhadap kebahagiaan penduduk lanjut usia di Indonesia

Abstract

Currently, ageing population has occurred globally, including in Indonesia. One of the important indicators that must be considered regarding this phenomenon is the happiness of the elderly. This is because this indicator shows the level of their welfare. Previous studies have found social capital to be one of the keys to the well-being of the elderly. However, the influence of social capital on the happiness of elderly people in Indonesia has not received much attention. Therefore, this study aims to analyse the impact of social capital on the happiness of the elderly in Indonesia by taking into account their sociodemographic characteristics and health conditions. Using 2021 SPTK data, this study applied the Categorical Principal Component Analysis (CATPCA) method to obtain a score for each social capital dimension. The analytical method used is descriptive and inferential analysis using binary logistic regression. The dependent variable is the level of happiness of the elderly, while the independent variables are trust, social participation, sex, age group, marital status, frequency of health complaints, education level, number of household members, and residence area classification. The results showed that most of the elderly felt happy. The dimensions of trust, social participation, frequency of health complaints, education level, and number of household members were found to significantly affect the happiness of the elderly.