THE IMPACT OF THE ADOPTION OF STATE RESPONSIBILITY FOR TRANSBOUNDARY ENVIRONMENTAL HARM PRINCIPLE UPON INDONESIAN ENVIRONMENTAL LEGAL SYSTEM
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Abstract
Rencana pemerintah mengadopsi prinsip hukum international yaitu tanggung jawab negara terhadap pencemaran lintas batas dalam revisi UU No 23/1997 tentang pengelolaan lingkungan hidup sebagai konsekuensi peratifikasian ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution akan berdampak luas bagi sistem hukum lingkungan Indonesia. Prinsip ini memberi kewajiban kepada Negara Indonesia untuk mengontrol kegiatan dalam negerinya sehingga tidak menimbulkan pencemaran terhadap negara lain. Kewajiban ini tentu saja tidak begitu mudah untuk diimplementasikan mengingat banyak persoalan dan ketidakjelasan dalam manajemen pengelolaan lingkungan di Indonesia. Ada tiga persoalan utama yang menjadi tantangan Indonesia yaitu lemahnya UU lingkungan, lemahnya mekanisme penegakan hukum dan buruknya koordinasi antar lembaga yang mengelola lingkungan hidup. Sehingga jawaban untuk persoalan lingkungan hidup di Indonesia adalah menarik semua wewenang pengelolaan dan perlindungan lingkungan hidup pada satu badan yang bertanggung jawab secara penuh untuk membantu agar masyarakat Indonesia menaati hukum dan menegakannya. Key Words: state responsibility; state sovereignty; transboundary environmental harm; Indonesian environmental legal system; Asean Agreement for Transboundary Haze Pollution
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