Antioxidant Activity, Skin Irritation Potential and Chemical Composition of Clove Leaf Oil from West Java Indonesia
Keywords:
Clove oil, antioxidant activity, potential skin irritationAbstract
– Essential oils with specific chemical compositions have the potential as a source of
antioxidants in cosmetics, however, in general, essential oils are not safe because of the potential for
skin irritation. This study aims is to perform fractionation to obtain clove oil with a chemical composition
that is safe on the skin and does not reduce its antioxidant activity. Fractionation was performed at a
temperature of 100 – 285 oC. Chemical composition was determined by Mass Chromatography
Spectrometry (GC-MS), antioxidant activity by DPPH method, and irritation potential by in-vivo patch
test. The results showed chemical components of clove oil were eugenol, copaene, beta
caryophyllene, iso-eugenol, alpha caryophyllene, cadinene, caryophyllene oxide, caryophylla and
beta caryophylla. Fractions with chemical compositions of eugenol and beta caryophyllene as the
main components and copaene, iso-eugenol, alpha caryophyllene, cadinene as secondary
components have very light erythema and no potential irritation to the skin. The fraction produced from
the fractionation of crude clove oil at a temperature of 235 – 260 oC has the highest antioxidant activity
of 10.17 mg/L.
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