Identification of Bainite in a Multi-phase Microstructure of an Austempered Steel Alloy: AMetallography Approach
Keywords:
austempering, steel, bainite, microstructure, color etchingAbstract
Structural characterization of a multi-phase steel has become an exciting issue in
various studies to date. This relates to the difficulty in distinguishing phases with similar morphology,
i.e. bainite and martensite, through chemical etching. This study discusses a method to observe
bainite phase through a metallographic approach on FeNi steel using color etching. Variations in the
use of etching in this research include 2% nital, 4% picral, and 15% sodium metabisulphite (SMB).
First, the samples were austenized then austempered at either 400 °C or 500 °C, for 60 min
followed by quenching in either water or brine solution. Based on optical microscope observations,
SMB color etching provides more explicit information on the visualization of bainite and martensite
phases because they have different color appearances. The bainite phase is shown in bluish color,
while the martensite phase is shown in brownish color. Furthermore, the influence of variation in
austempering temperature and quench media on microstructure morphology was also discussed. In
addition, the calculation of the lattice parameters of the X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) pattern was also
carried out in this study to identify the crystal structure formed.
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