Dose Analysis of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) for Breast Cancer Based on Particle and Heavy Ion Transport Code System (PHITS) V.3.34
Keywords:
Breast cancer, BNCT, PHITS, DosimetryAbstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer, with a high incidence and mortality rate worldwide, including in Indonesia. Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) has been formulated as a promising method of radiation therapy in the treatment of breast cancer due to its ability to deliver high doses to target lesions with minimal damage to healthy tissue. This study aims to analyze the BNCT dose in breast cancer and evaluate the irradiation time in two directions: anterior-posterior (AP) and left lateral (LLAT). This research utilizes the PHITS version 3.34 simulation tool to define the geometry of breast cancer, the surrounding organs, and the radiation sources used. The phantom used was an ORNL adult woman with a 2 cm tumor. The neutron source was an accelerator with a 30 MeV proton beam. Boron concentrations were 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 μg/g of cancer tissue. This research shows that the higher the boron concentration, the shorter the irradiation time required, thereby minimizing side effects and the risk of damage to Organ at Risk (OARs). For the AP irradiation technique, the resulting irradiation times were 27.62 minutes, 16.14 minutes, 13.12 minutes, 11.05 minutes, and 9.54 minutes. Meanwhile, in the LLAT direction, the resulting times were 135.23 minutes, 113.46 minutes, 78.23 minutes, 59.70 minutes, and 48.27 minutes. A boron concentration of 150 μg/g was chosen as the optimal concentration in this simulation because it results in a short irradiation time from each irradiation direction and ensures a safe dose for Organs at Risk (OARs). In the AP irradiation technique, the dose absorbed by the skin was 0.46 Gy, the ipsilateral lung was 1.01 Gy, the contralateral lung was 0.16 Gy, the ribs were 0.61 Gy, and the heart was 0.11 Gy. Meanwhile, in the LLAT irradiation technique, the dose absorbed by the skin was 1.03 Gy, the ipsilateral lung was 2.19 Gy, the contralateral lung was 0.72 Gy, the ribs were 1.62 Gy, and the heart was 0.40 Gy.
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