APAKAH RELIGIUSITAS KEISLAMAN MEMPENGARUHI KETIMPANGAN PENDAPATAN? BUKTI DATA PANEL DARI PROVINSI ACEH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14203/JEP.29.2.2021.147-166Keywords:
Islamic religiosity, Income Inequality, Panel Regression, Granger causality testAbstract
his study analyzes the effect of Islamic religiosity on income distribution. The religiosity was proxied by three measurement indicators comprising the number of mosques, pesantren, and santri. Using a panel dataset of 23 districts in Aceh from 2010 to 2017, the data analysis model used was panel regression with the fixed-effect method. The study found that the pesantren and santri had a positive effect the income inequality. In contrast, the existence of mosques did not affect income inequality. The results of the Granger causality test provide statistical information on the one-way causality from income inequality to mosques and pesantren and from mosques and santri to pesantren. But, there is no causality from the three dimensions of Islamic religiosity to income inequality. This statistical information suggests that, in the short run, the change in Islamic religiosity in Aceh is a response to changes in income inequality. On the other hand, income inequality does not respond to Islamic religiosity changes.Downloads
References
Abu Raiya, H., Pargament, K. I., Mahoney, A., & Stein, C. (2008). A psychological measure of islamic religiousness: Development and evidence for reliability and validity. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 18(4), 291–315. doi:10.1080/10508610802229270.
Aji, H. M. (2018). The effect of knowledge about halal and Islamic religiosity on attitude toward halal label, Conference on Islamic Management, Accounting, and Economics (CIMAE) Proceeding. 1, 1-8
Amalia, N., Moeis, J. P., Arundina, T., Pertiwi, R. H., & Mardhatillah, A. (2021). Impact analysis of religiosity and altruism on multidimensional inequality. International Review of Economics and Finance, 71, 517–525.
Basedau, M., Gobien, S., & Prediger, S. (2018). The multidimensional effects of religion on socioeconomic development: A review of the empirical literature. Journal of Economic Surveys, 32(4), 1106–1133. doi:10.1111/joes.12250
Becker, S. O., & Woessmann, L. (2013). Not the opium of the people: Income and secularization in a panel of Prussian counties. American Economic Review, Papers and Proceedings, 103(3), 539–544.
Cerniauskas, N., & Ciginas, A (2020) Measurement and decomposition of Lithuania's income inequality, Baltic Journal of Economics, 20(2), 139-169, DOI: 10.1080/1406099X.2020.1780693
Dincer, O. C., & Hotard, M. J. (2011). Ethnic and religious diversity and income inequality. Eastern Economic Journal, 37(3), 417–430. doi:10.1057/eej.2010.58
Dagum, C. (2014). Income Inequality Measures. Wiley StatsRef: Statistics Reference Online. doi:10.1002/9781118445112.stat03471
Dumitrescu, E.-I, & Hurlin, C. (2012). Testing for Granger non causality in heterogeneous panels, Economic Modelling 29,1450-1460.
Dutt, P., & Tsetlin, I. (2020). Income distribution and economic development: Insights from machine learning. Economics & Politics. doi:10.1111/ecpo.12157
Elgin, C., Goksel, T., Gurdal, M. Y., & Orman, C. (2013). Religion, income inequality, and the size of the government, Economic Modelling, 30, 225-234.
Franck, R., & Iannaccone, L. (2014). Religious decline in the 20th century West: Testing alternative explanations. Public Choice, 159(3/4), 385-414.
Gaskins, B., Golder, B., & Siegel, D. A. (2013). Religious Participation and Economic Conservatism, American Journal of Political Science, 57(4), 823–840. DOI: 10.1111/ajps.12024.
Gastwirth, J. L. (2017). Is the Gini Index of Inequality Overly Sensitive to Changes in the Middle of the Income Distribution? Statistics and Public Policy, 4(1), 1–11. doi:10.1080/2330443x.2017.1360813
Herzer, D., & Strulik, H. (2016). Religiosity and income: a panel cointegration and causality analysis. Applied Economics, 49(30), 2922–2938. doi:10.1080/00036846.2016.1251562
Himes, K. R. (2019). Catholic Social Teaching, Economic Inequality, and American Society. Journal of Religious Ethics, 47(2), 283–310. doi:10.1111/jore.12268
Jana-Masri, A., & Priester, P. E. (2007). The Development and Validation of a Qur’an-Based Instrument to Assess Islamic Religiosity: The Religiosity of Islam Scale. Journal of Muslim Mental Health, 2(2), 177–188. doi:10.1080/15564900701624436
Keister, L. A., & Eagle, D. (2016). Religion and inequality: the role of status attainment and social balance processes, Social Thought and Research, 33, 141-171.
Kochuthara, S. (2017). Economic Inequality: An Ethical Response. Religions, 8(8), 141. doi:10.3390/rel8080141.
Lam, K., & Mansouri, F. (2020). Beyond (mis)-recognition: Muslim youth and religiosity in Australia. Journal of Youth Studies, 1–16. doi:10.1080/13676261.2020.1766667.
Lipford, J. W., & Tollison, R. D. (2003). Religious Participation and Income. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 51(2), 249–260. doi:10.1016/S0167-2681 (02)00096-3.
Lopez, L., & Weber, S. (2017). Testing for Granger causality in panel data, The Stata Journal, 17(4), 927-984.
Makros, J., & McCabe, M. (2003). The relationship between religion, spirituality, psychological adjustment, and quality of life among people with multiple sclerosis. Journal of Religion and Health, 42(2), 143–159. doi:10.1023/A:1023681830716
Matteo, L. D. (2015). All equal in the sight of God: Economic inequality and religion in the early twentieth century, European Review of Economic History, 20, 23-45.
McCleary, R. M., & Barro, R. J. (2006). Religion and economy, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 20(2), 49–72.
McRorie, C. (2019). Heterodox Economics, Social Ethics, and Inequalities. Journal of Religious Ethics, 47(2), 232–258. doi:10.1111/jore.12263
Muliadi, & Amri, K. (2019). Infrastruktur jalan, belanja modal dan kesempatan kerja: Bukti data panel kabupaten kota di Aceh, Jurnal Manajemen dan Sains, 4(2), 334-341.
Müller, T. S., De Graaf, N. D., & Schmidt, P. (2014). Which societies provide a strong religious socialization context? Explanations beyond the effects of national religiosity. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 53(4), 739–759. doi:10.1111/jssr.12147
Musa, A. (2015). Spiritual Beliefs and Practices, Religiosity, and Spiritual Well-Being Among Jordanian Arab Muslim University Students in Jordan. Journal of Spirituality in Mental Health, 17(1), 34–49. doi:10.1080/19349637.2014.957609.
Naveed, A., & Wang, C. (2017). Can religion explain cross-country differences in inequality? A global perspective. Social Choice and Welfare, 50(3), 481–518. doi:10.1007/s00355-017-1093-1.
Norris, P., & Inglehart, R. (2004). Sacred and Secular: Religion and Politics Worldwide. Cambridge University Press, New York.
Palani, P. (2008). The effect of religiosity on income inequality. Journal of Politics and International Affairs, 61–70.
Paldam, M., & Gundlach, E. (2013) The religious transition. A long-run perspective. Public Choice 156, 105–123 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11127-012-9934-z
Park, J., Kim, Y., & Heo, S. (2017). Dual-index measurement of income inequality. Bulletin of Economic Research, 70(3), 277–284. doi:10.1111/boer.12141
Rees, T.J. (2009). Is personal insecurity a cause of cross-national differences in the intensity of religious belief? Journal of Religion and Society 11, 1–17.
Rieger, J. (2013). The Ethics of Wealth in a World of Economic Inequality: A Christian Perspective in a Buddhist-Christian Dialogue. Buddhist-Christian Studies, 33, 153-162.
Rupasingha, A., & Chilton, B. (2009). Religious Adherence and County Economic Growth in the US. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 72, 438–450. doi:10.1016/j. jebo.2009.05.020.
Solt, F., Habel, P., & Grant, J. T. (2011). Economic inequality, relative power, and religiosity. Social Science Quarterly, 92(2), 447–465. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6237.2011.00777.x.
Storm, I. (2017). Does economic insecurity predict religiosity? Evidence from the European Social Survey 2002–2014. Sociology of Religion, 78(2), 146–172. doi:10.1093/socrel/srw055
Wang, Q., & Lin, X. (2014). Does religious beliefs affect economic growth? Evidence from provincial-level panel data in China, China Economic Review 31, 277–287.
Weithman, P. (2019). Religious Ethics and Economic Inequality. Journal of Religious Ethics, 47(2), 223–231. doi:10.1111/jore.12265
Wells, R. (2006). Education’s effect on income inequality: an economic globalisation perspective. Globalisation, Societies and Education, 4(3), 371–391. doi:10.1080/14767720600955428.
Winkler, H. (2019). The effect of income inequality on political polarization: Evidence from European regions, 2002-2014. Economics & Politics. doi:10.1111/ecpo.12129.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
