Cosmic Ray Intensity Analysis Based on the Earth’s Latitude and Hemisphere
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55981/ijoa.2025.9551Keywords:
cosmic ray intensity, Northern Hemisphere (NH), Southern Hemisphere (SH), Halloween Storm, geomagnetic avticityAbstract
The interaction between cosmic rays and solar activity has been extensively investigated,
particularly in relation to how solar phenomena modulate cosmic ray intensity in
the heliosphere. The strength of cosmic rays absorbed by the Earth’s hemisphere is not
uniform across the Northern Hemisphere (NH) and Southern Hemisphere (SH). This study
will include an investigation of cosmic ray intensity as recorded at various latitudes and
hemispheres of the Earth. We employed nine cosmic ray stations in each NH and SH,
separated into three types of latitudes: low, middle, and high. The method of percentage
change in cosmic ray intensity was used, which was evaluated during the Halloween
Storm phenomenon on October 29-30, 2003. The results showed that cosmic ray intensity
decreased more at high latitudes than at low latitudes in both hemispheres (NH and SH).
Furthermore, the reduction in cosmic ray intensity observed in the NH was approximately
1% greater than that observed in the SH. This can be attributed to the Rc value’s dependence
on latitude, variations in geomagnetic activity under different Interplanetary Magnetic
Field (IMF) circumstances, and interplanetary space parameters such as the tilt of the
Heliospheric Current Sheet (HCS).
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