EFFECTS OF SOYBEAN JUICE (Glycine max L.) ON SPERMATOZOA FERTILITY AND TESTICULAR WEIGHT IN RATS (Rattus norvegicus L.)
Main Article Content
Abstract
Soybeans (Glycine max L.) contain isoflavone compounds which can disrupt hormonal balance through negative feedback on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis causing inhibition of Leydig cell activity and Sertoli cell function. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of giving soybean juice on spermatozoa fertility and testicular weight in rats (Rattus norvegicus L.). This type of experimental research was structured based on a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) pattern consisting of 4 treatments and 6 replications, namely K (control/drinking water), P1 (7.1 g/kgBW/day), P2 (14.2 g/kgBW/day) and P3 (21.3 g/kgBW/day). Soybean extract was given for 49 days, and on the 50th day the rats were sacrificed and dissected to observe variables in the form of testicular weight and spermatozoa fertility (morphology, pH and viscosity). Data were analyzed using ANOVA and further BNT test α=0.05. The results showed that administration of soybean extract caused a decrease in the percentage of testicular weight and spermatozoa fertility. Testicular weight is K=0.98 g. P1=1.08 g, P2=0.77g and P3=0.62 g. The percentage of abnormal spermatozoa morphology increased, namely K = 17.8%, P1 = 37.0%, P2 = 47.7%, P3 = 56.0%. The acidity of sperm pH increases, namely K= 7.50, P1=6.17, P2=5.67, and P3=5.83. Sperm-matozoa viscosity decreased, namely K=1.57, P1=1.58, P2= 0.76 and P3=0.77. The results of the study concluded that soybean juice caused a decrease in testicular weight and spermatozoa fertility in mice.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
a). Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
b). Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
c). Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
References
Alleza, Z. A., Arshad, M., Sikander, M., Abid, F., & Kanwal, S. (2025). The Health Benefits of Soybeans : A Review of the Nutritional and Therapeutic Effects of Soy Protein , Isoflavones , and Bioactive Peptides. 3, 48–54.
Assan, N., Bhakat, C., Chisoro, P., & Muteyo, E. (2018). The Role of Feed Resources in Optimizing Reproductive Efficiency in Goats and Sheep. 213–233.
Babakhanzadeh, E., Nazari, M., Ghasemifar, S., & Khodadadian, A. (2020). Some of the Factors Involved in Male Infertility : A Prospective Review Some of the Factors Involved in Male Infertility : A Prospective Review. 7074. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S241099
Baek, K. (2020). plants E ff ect of Ultraviolet C Irradiation on Isoflavone Concentrations in Di ff erent Cultivars of Soybean. 3, 1–13.
Bräuner, E. V., Nordkap, L., Priskorn, L., Hansen, Å. M., Bang, A. K., Holmboe, S. A., & Jørgensen, N. (2020). Psy-chological stress, stressful life events, male factor infertility, and testicular function: a cross-sectional study. Fertility and sterility, 113(4), 865-875. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.12.013
Cannarella, R., Condorelli, R. A., Mongio, L. M., Vignera, S. La, & Calogero, A. E. (2020). Molecular Biology of Spermatogenesis : Novel Targets of Apparently Idiopathic Male Infertility.
Durairajanayagam, D., & Henkel, R. (2020). Causes and consequences of sperm mitochondrial dysfunction. April, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1111/and.13666
Dutta, S., Sengupta, P., & Slama, P. (2021). Oxidative Stress, Testicular Inflammatory Pathways , and Male Reproduction. Figure 1, 1–20.
Foodstuffs, S., Bensaada, S., Chabrier, F., Ginisty, P., Ferrand, C., Peruzzi, G., Valat, M., & Bennetau-pelissero, C. (2023). Improved Food-Processing Techniques to Reduce Isoflavones in Soy-Based Foodstuffs. 1–17.
Guilherme, F., Giovana, M., Pagnoncelli, B., Vin, G., Pereira, D. M., Karp, S. G., & Soccol, C. R. (2022). Fermented Soy Products and Their Potential Health Benefits : A Review. 1–24.
Ibrahim, N., & Abdullahi, A. B. (2023). Afropolitan Journals Analysis of Variance ( ANOVA ) Randomized Block Design ( RBD ) to Test the Variability of Three Different Types of Fertilizers ( NPK , UREA and SSP ) on Millet Production. 9(1), 1–10.
Jin, Y., Young, H., Saem, C., Kwon, S., Kuk, J., Lee, C., & Hyun, S. (2020). Iso fl avone accumulation and the metabolic gene expression in response to persistent UV-B irradiation in soybean sprouts. Food Chemistry, 303(July 2019), 125376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125376
Khaled, H., Maria, J., Oliveira, D., Barroso, G., & Freitas, L. De. (2021). Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy Isoflavones alter male and female fertility in different development windows. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 140, 111448. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111448
Kim, I. (2021). Current Perspectives on the Beneficial Effects of Soybean Isoflavones and Their Metabolites for Humans. 1–54.
Li, L., Lin, W., Wang, Z., Huang, R., Xia, H., Li, Z., Deng, J., Ye, T., Huang, Y., & Yang, Y. (2024). Hormone Regulation in Testicular Development and Function.
Liang, Y., Huang, J., Zhao, Q., Mo, H., Su, Z., Feng, S., Li, S., & Ruan, X. (2025). Reproductive epidemiology Global , regional , and national prevalence and trends of infertility among individuals of reproductive age ( 15 – 49 years ) from 1990 to 2021 , with projections to 2040. 40(3), 529–544.
Mansour, H. A. E. H. (2023). Infertility diag-nosis and management. Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Ap-plied Sciences, 12(1), 81.https://doi.org/10.1186/s43088-023-00416-2
Mishra, R., Tripathi, M. K., & Sikarwar, R. S. (2025). Soybean ( Glycine max L . Merrill ): A Multipurpose Legume Shaping Our World. 25(3), 17–37. https://doi.org/10.56557/PCBMB/2024/v25i3-48643
Muhammad Ja’far Luthfi, -, & Mahanem Mat Noor, -. (2023). Analisis Kualitas Sperma Tikus Percobaan (Jumlah, Motilitas, dan Morfologi).
Nita, S., & Kunci, K. (2015). Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Kedelai ( Glycine max ) Terhadap Kuantitas dan Kualitas Spermatozoa Tikus Putih Jantang ( Rattus norvegicus ) Strain Sprague Dawley The Effect of Soybean Extract ( Glycine max ) on Quantity and Quality of Sperm the White Rat Male ( Rattus norvegicus ) Strain Sprague Dawley. 23(1), 12–27.
Oehninger, S., & Kruger, T. F. (2020). ur of. In F&S Reviews. American Society for Reproductive Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xfnr.2020.09.002
Pecora, G., Sciarra, F., Gangitano, E., & Anna, M. (2023). How Food Choices Impact on Male Fertility. Current Nutrition Reports, 864–876. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13668-023-00503-x
Petrine, J. C. P., & Bianco-borges, B. Del. (2020). The influence of phytoestrogens on different physiological and pathological processes : An overview. July, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.6816
Sousa, A. C. A. (2021). The Impact of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Male Fertility : Focus on the Action of Obesogens. 163–196.
Tawfik, W. S., Elsayed, A. A., & Kandeel, A. A. (2025). Effect of pre and postnatal exposure to soybean ‑ formulated diets on male fertility of albino mice. Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43088-025-00642-w
Zhao, H., Yu, F., & Wu, W. (2025). The Mechanism by Which Estrogen Level Affects Knee Osteoarthritis Pain in Perimenopause and Non-Pharmacological Measures. 1–19.
