IMPROVEMENT ON SEVERAL PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF JATI UTAMA NUSANTARA WOOD BY THERMAL COMPRESSION TREATMENT
Main Article Content
Abstract
Jati Utama Nusantara (JUN) is one type of growing regime of fast grown teak (Tectona grandis Linn. F) derived
from Jati Plus Perhutani (JPP). JUN trees have fewer branches and a more cylindrical-shaped trunk, as well as
exhibit rapid growth compared to the teak cultivated from seed (conventional); accordingly, they can be
harvested in a shorter time. Despite its fast growth, some studies showed that the wood had not met the SNI
01-0608 standard as raw material for furniture. The research aimed to improve several physical and mechanical
properties of young JUN wood through thermal compression treatment. The test sample for 5-year-old JUN
wood was prepared with a size of 2.5 cm (thickness/radial) by 10 cm (width/tangential) by 30 cm
(length/longitudinal), then compressed using a 25 kg/cm2-pressure for 40 minutes in three temperature
treatments of 170°C, 180°C, and 190°C. Testing of wood mechanical and physical properties referred to ASTM
D143. The wood crystallinity was observed using an X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), and the wood surface was
observed visually. Wood cell structure as supporting data was observed using a stereo-capable microscope
(Zeiss). The results revealed that the thermal compression could improve the physical and mechanical
properties of the densified JUN samples compared to the nonthermally compressed samples. Based on data
simulation, the wood samples' best physical and mechanical properties occurred at approximately 185°C's heatpress.
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