WILAYAH MALUKU DALAM KONTEKS PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL
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Abstract
The role as the regional source area for the exotic commodities such us nutmeg and clove has always been attached to the Moluccas Archipelago. The high values of spices as commodities have pushed Moluccas into the contact and interaction with the outside world since centuries ago. At the same time it has formed Moluccas as a vibrant commercial area. This condition reached its peak following the arrival of the Europeans who during the later period has established their hegemony over the spice trade activity in the region. The domination of the Netherlands for centuries in the spice trade has been historically known. The Banda and the Arufura Sea are the two central region in the commercial activity during the past. The same role is still found today. This paper tries to review the role of the Moluccas in the context of international trade during the past based on the historical sources that describe the role of the two central region: The Banda and Arafura Sea. Reflection on the current condition in these two main commercial region in the Moluccas has shown that the role of as the source area of the important commodities is still preserved to this day.
Kepulauan Maluku senantiasa melekat dengan peran sebagai kawasan sumber komoditi eksotik seperti cengkeh dan pala. Nilai tinggi rempah sebagai komoditi telah mendorong Maluku ke dalam kontak dan interaksi dengan dunia luar semenjak berabad silam dan membentuk suatu kawasan niaga yang dinamis pada masa itu. Kondisi ini mencapai puncaknya menyusul kedatangan orang-orang Eropa yang kemudian menetapkan hegemoni mereka atas aktivitas perdagangan rempah di wilayah ini sebagaimana tergambar dalam dominasi Belanda secara historis. Laut Banda dan Laut Arafura menjadi dua kawasan sentral dalam aktivitas niaga masa lalu di Kepulauan Maluku. Peran yang sama masih ditemukan hingga saat ini. Makalah ini mencoba meninjau peran wilayah Maluku dalam konteks perdagangan internasional di masa lalu dengan berpijak pada sumber-sumber historis yang menjelaskan tentang peran dua kawasan sentral Laut Banda dan Laut Arafura. Refleksi atas kondisi terkini dua wilayah niaga penting di Maluku ini, menunjukan peran Laut Banda dan Laut Arafura sebagai kawasan sumber, masih lestari hingga saat ini.
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