KILAS BALIK SEJARAH BUDAYA SEMENANJUNG BLAMBANGAN, BANYUWANGI, JAWA TIMUR
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Abstract
Blambangan peninsula, known as Alas Purwo located in Banyuwangi. Alas Purwo, also means “early forest” in Javanese language, has a lot of archaeological potential, moreover the dense forest which is one of the constituent elements of the karst landscape enables support for human life in prehistoric era. Data from various sources says that in the Alas Purwo found the remains of the other past culture. In addition, isolated location provide opportunities for data that is pristine and not much transformed. The purpose of this research is to collect data of archaeological and ethno-history potency of Alas Purwo in three dimensions, which is: the dimensions of form, space, and time, in order to obtain a conclusionon the cultural history Blambangan Peninsula. The research methods is explorative with three approaches, archaeological approach, ethno-historical approach and geographical approach with the Geographic Information System (GIS). The research proves that Blambangan Peninsula has cultural history value as well. This result can be proved from complete archaeological and ethno-historical remains dating from the Prehistoric, Classical, Islam, and the Colonial era with local, national, and international issues. Spatially, the distribution pattern of the archaeological remains show fundamental variations, such as locational characteristics.
Semenanjung Blambangan atau dikenal dengan Alas Purwo terletak di Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Alas Purwo yang dalam bahasa Jawa diartikan sebagai ‘hutan awal’ memiliki banyak potensi arkeologi. Hutan lebat Alas Purwo merupakan salah satu unsur penyusun bentang lahan karst yang memungkinkan mendukung kehidupan manusia masa Prasejarah. Data dari berbagai sumber menyebutkan, bahwa di Alas Purwo ditemukan tinggalan sisa budaya masa lalu lainnya. Selain itu, lokasiyang terisolasi memungkinkan diperolehnya data yang masih asli dan tidak banyak mengalami transformasi. Tujuan penelitian adalah pendataan potensi arkeologi dan etnohistori Alas Purwo dalam tiga dimensi, yaitu dimensi bentuk, ruang, dan waktu. Dengan demikian,dapat diperoleh kesimpulan sejarah budaya Semenanjung Blambangan. Metode penelitian bersifat eksploratif dengan tiga pendekatan, yaitu pendekatan arkeologi, pendekatan etnohistori, dan pendekatan geografi dengan perangkat Geographic Information System (GIS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Semenanjung Blambangan memiliki nilai sejarah budaya cukup panjang dan penting. Hal ini terbukti dari lengkapnya tinggalan arkeologi serta etnohistori yang berasal dari masa Prasejarah, Klasik (Hindu), Islam, dan Kolonial yang menyimpan isu lokal, nasional, dan internasional. Secara spasial, pola distribusi tinggalan arkeologi tersebut memperlihatkan variasi mendasar, seperti lokasi yang khas.
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