KARAKTERISTIK PAPAN PARTIKEL CAMPURAN SERBUK GERGAJIAN KAYU SENGON DAN KULIT BUAH KOPI DENGAN PEREKAT DEKSTRIN TEPUNG ONGGOK

Abstract

Waste from forest and agricultural products currently does not have good economic value, so the manufacture of particle board
could be a solution. The objective of this research is to obtain the physical and mechanical characteristics of particle board from
sengon wood sawdust and coffee bean bark using cassava flour waste-based dextrin adhesive. Dextrin was manufactured by spraying
5 mL of 5% HCl to 80 g cassava flour waste starch, then heated at 130°C for 3 hours. Particle board manufactured with target
of density 0.6 g/cm3
. To obtain the optimal composition of materials mixture, the particleboards were made with 4 compositions,
based on the weight ratio between sengon wood sawdust and coffee fruit bark; 100%:0%, 75%:25%, 50%:50%, and 25%:75%.
The dextrin adhesive used is 20% based on dry kiln weight of the particles and hot-pressing was conducted at a temperature of
185°C and pressured 20 kgf/cm2
for 10 minutes. The physical properties test showed that the density 0.490.64 g/cm3
, moisture
content 7.89%9.01%, water absorption 92.41167.65%, and thickness swelling 11.31%59.9%. Particle board with
mixture composition of 25% sengon wood sawdust and 75% coffee fruit bark was fulfilled the physical properties: density, moisture
content, and thickness swelling, while water absorption value did not specify in the JIS A 5908: 2003 standard. Mechanical
properties test showed that the internal bond value was 0.020.03 N/mm2 and resistance to screw withdrawal value was
46.4144 N. Particle board with a mixture of 25% sengon wood sawdust and 75% coffee fruit bark has the optimum mechanical
properties, however it did not meet the JIS A 5908: 2003 standard.