KARAKTERISTIK PAPAN PARTIKEL CAMPURAN LIMBAH KAYU SENGON DAN BAGAS SORGUM MENGGUNAKAN PEREKAT ASAM SITRAT
Main Article Content
Abstract
Waste of sengon wood could be used as an alternative material in the manufacture of particleboards. However,
particleboards made from sengon has seome inferior physical and mechanical properties, which did not meet the Japanese
standard (JIS A 5908: 2003). The aim of this research is to improve the physical and mechanical properties of
sengon particleboard using sorghum bagasse in various raw material composition using citric acid adhesives. Citric acid
was used as a binding agent with 20% adhesive content based on the weight of the air-dried particle. Composition
of fiber mixtures between sengon and bagasse sorghum were set in 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, and 25:75 wt.%. The
targetted density of particleboard was set at 0.80 g/cm3
. The hot-pressing conditions of particleboard manufacturing
were 200°C for 10 min. The physical and mechanical properties of the particleboards were evaluated according to
JIS A 5908: 2003 standard. The results showed that the density, moisture content, thickness swelling, modulus of
elasticity, modulus of rupture and internal bond met the requirements of the JIS A 5908-2003 standard. Thus, the
additional of bagasse sorghum becomes an alternative way to enhance the physical and mechanical properties of sengon
particleboard. The addition 75% bagasse sorghum had better moisture content, water absorption, thickness swelling,
modulus of elasticity, and modulus of rupture of particleboard.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Bardak, S., Nemli, G., & Tiryaki, S. (2017). The influence of raw material growth region, anatomical structure and chemical composition of wood on the quality properties of particleboards. Maderas Ciencia Tecnología, 19(3), 363–372. doi: 10.4067/s0718-221x20170050 00031.
Chaturvedi, R., & Pappu, A. (2016). Performance of formaldehyde resins and cement bonded particleboards and understanding its properties for further advancement. International Journal of Waste Resources, 6(2), 1–8. doi: 10.4172/2252-5211.1000215.
Ferdosian, F., Pan, Z., Gao, G., & Zhao, B. (2017). Bio-based adhesives and evaluation for wood composites application. Polymers, 9(2), 1-29. doi: 10.3390/polym9020070.
Iswanto, A.H., Azhar, I., Supriyanto, & Susilowati, A. (2014). Effect of resin type, pressing temperature and time on particleboard properties made from sorghum bagasse. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 3(2), 62-66. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20140302.12.
Iswanto, A.H., Wulandhari, I., Irawati, A., & Supriyanto, A. (2016). The physical, mechanical and durability properties of sorghum bagasse particleboard by layering surface treatment. Journal of the Indian Academy of Wood Science, 14(1), 1-8. doi: 10.1007/s13196-016-0181-7.
Japanese Standard Association (JSA). (2003). Japanese industrial standard particleboard (JIS A 5908 2003). Japanese Standard Association.
Khazaeian, A., Ashori, A., & Dizaj, M.Y. (2015). Suitability of sorghum stalk fibers for production of particleboard. Carbohydrate Polymers, 120, 15–21. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol. 2014.12.001.
Kusumah, S.S., Arinana, A., Hadi, Y.S., Guswenrivo, I., Yoshimura, T., Umemura, K., Tanaka, S., & Kanayama, K. (2017). Utilization of sweet sorghum bagasse and citric acid in the manufacturing of particleboard. III: influence of adding sucrose on the properties of particleboard. BioResources, 12(4), 7498–7514. doi: 10.15376/biores.12.4.7498-7514.
Kusumah, S.S., Umemura, K., Guswenrivo, I., Yoshimura, T., & Kanayama, K. (2017). Utilization of sweet sorghum bagasse and citric acid for manufacturing of particleboard II: influences of pressing temperature and time on particleboard properties. Journal of Wood Science, 63(2), 161-172. doi: 10.107/s10086-016-1605-0.
Kusumah, S.S., Umemura, K., Yoshioka, K., Miyafuji, H., & Kanayama, K. (2016). Utilization of sweet sorghum bagasse and citric acid for manufacturing of particleboard I: Effects of pre-drying treatment and citric acid content on the board properties. Industrial Crops and Products, 84, 34–42. doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.01.042.
Liao, R., Xu, J., & Umemura, K. (2016). Low density sugarcane bagasse particleboard bonded and additive content. BioResources, 11(1), 2174–2185.
Maulana, S., Busyra, I., Fatrawana, A., Hidayat, W., Sari, R. K., Sumardi, I., Wistara, I. N. J., Lee, S. H., Kim, N. H., & Febrianto, F. (2017). Effects of steam treatment on physical and mechanical properties of bamboo oriented strand board. Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology, 45(6), 872–882. doi: 10.5658/WOOD.2017. 45.6.872.
Nandika, D., Darmawan, W., & Arinana, A. (2015). Quality improvement of sengon wood through compregnation. Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian, 25(2), 125-135.
Ngadianto, A., Widyorini, R., & Lukmandaru, G. (2012). Karakteristik papan partikel limbah kayu sengon dengan perlakuan pengawetan asap cair. Dalam Suhasman, A. Arif, M. Muin, I. Sulistyawati, A. D. Yuniarti, & S. I. Maulany (Eds.) Prosiding Seminar Nasional Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia ( Mapeki ) XVI (hal.500-506).
Putra, A. F. R., Wardenaar, E., & Husni, H. (2018). Analisa komponen kimia kayu sengon (Albizia falcataria (L.) Fosberg) berdasarkan posisi ketinggian batang. Jurnal Hutan Lestari, 6(1), 83–89.
Rowell, R.M. 2005. Wood Chemistry and Wood Composites. New York: CRC Press.
Sari, B., Ayrilmis, N., Nemli, G., Baharoğlu, M., Gümüşkaya, E., & Bardak S. (2012). Effects of chemical composition of wood and resin type on properties of particleboard. Lignocellulose, 1(3), 174-184.
Salem, M.Z.M., & Böhm, M. (2013). Understanding of formaldehyde emissions from solid wood: An overview. BioResources, 8(3), 4775–4790. doi:10.15376/biores.8.3.4775-4790.
Scatolino, M.V., Costa, A.D.O., Benedito, J., & Júnior, G. (2017). Eucalyptus wood and coffee parchment for particleboard production : physical and mechanical properties. Ciência e Agrotecnologia, 41(2), 139–146. doi: 10.1590/ 1413-70542017412038616.
Sudiryanto G. (2015). Pengaruh suhu dan waktu pengempaan terhadap sifat fisik dan mekanik papan partikel kayu sengon (Paraserienthes Falcataria ( L ) Nielson ). Disprotek, 6(1), 67–74.
Sulastiningsih, I. M., Indrawan, D. A., Balfas, J., & Santoso, A. (2017). Sifat fisis dan mekanis papan untai berarah dari bambu tali (Gigantochloa apus (J.A. & J.H. Schultes) Kurz). Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan, 35(3), 197–209. doi: 10.20886/ jphh.2017.35.3.197-209.
Trisatya, D. R., & Sulastiningsih, I. M. (2019). Sifat papan partikel dari campuran kayu jabon dan bambu andong. Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan, 37(2), 123–136.
Umemura, K., Sugihara, O., & Kawai, S. (2013). Investigation of a new natural adhesive composed of citric acid and sucrose for particleboard. Journal of Wood Science, 59(3), 203–208. doi: 10.1007/s10086-013-1326-6.
Umemura, K., Sugihara, O., & Kawai, S. (2014). Investigation of a new natural adhesive composed of citric acid and sucrose for particleboard II: effects of board density and pressing temperature. Journal of Wood Science, 61(1), 40-44. doi: 10.1007/s10086-014-1437-8.
Umemura, K., Ueda, T., & Kawai, S. (2011). Characterization of wood-based molding bonded with citric acid. Journal of Wood Science, 58(1), 38-45. doi:10.1007/s10086-011-1214-x.
Widyorini, R., & Nugraha, P.A. (2015). Sifat fisis dan mekanis papan partikel sengon dengan perekat asam sitrat-sukrosa. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis, 13(2), 175–184.
Widyorini, R., Umemura, K., Putra, D. R., Prayitno, T. A., Awaludin, A., & Isnan, R. (2015). Manufacture and properties of citric acid-bonded particleboard made from bamboo materials. European Journal of Wood and Wood Products, 74(1), 57–65. doi: 10.1007/s00107-015-0967-0.
Widyorini, R., Umemura, K., Soraya, D. K., Dewi, G. K., & Nugroho, W. D. (2019). Effect of citric acid content and extractives treatment on the manufacturing process and properties of citric acid-bonded Salacca frond particleboard. BioResources, 14(2), 4171–4180. doi: 10.15376/ biores.14.2.4171-4180.
Zhang, J., Song, F., Tao, J., Zhang, Z., & Shi, S. Q. (2018). Research Progress on Formaldehyde Emission of Wood-Based Panel. International Journal of Polymer Science, 2018. doi: 10.1155/ 2018/9349721.
