STUDI PENYADAPAN GETAH PINUS CARA BOR DENGAN STIMULAN H2SO4
Main Article Content
Abstract
In general, pine resin yield is affected by various factors i.e. pine tree species, growing environment and tapping method. This paper studies pine resin tapping yield by drilling method using H₂SO₄ stimulant. Tapping point is designed in the depth of 4, 6 and 8 cm and sloping 25°. Three stimulant concentrations (0, 15%, 30%) were brushed in the tapping point and the treatments were repeated 10 times. Experimental design based on 3 × 3 factorials in completely randomized design. The first factor is the depth of drilling holes, the second factor is the concentration of H₂SO₄ stimulant used and repetition of 10 times. Pine resin yields were analyzed using analysis of variance and further test was conducted by honestly significant difference test. Results show that tapping pine by drilling and stimulant addition produced pine resin between 15.5 to 109.3 g / tree / collection (56.3 g / tree / collection on average) or between 2.6 to 18.2 g / tree / day (9.4 g / tree / day on average). Pine resin yield is significantly influenced by drilling hole depth and H₂SO₄ stimulant concentrations. The deeper the drilling hole, the more pine resin yield, and the higher the concentration of H₂SO₄ stimulant the higher pine resin yield. Pine resin yield of 8 cm tapping depth is 65.96% higher than 4 cm tapping depth, and 30% H₂SO₄ improved the yield by about 56.45%. The largest pine resin yield is achieved from tapping point of 8 cm depth and 30% H₂SO₄ that yiled about 90.7 g / tree / collection in average.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Bina. (2012, May). Perhutani menuju era getah bersih. Media Berita Kehutanan dan Lingkungan, 23.
Bina. (2014, May). PPCL ekspor perdana produk alphapinene ke India. Media Berita Kehutanan dan Lingkungan, 1.
Cahyono, S. A., Prakosa, D., Yuliantoro, D., & Siswo. (2011). Produksi getah tusam pada berbagai ukuran dan jumlah koakan. Buletin Hasil Hutan, 7(2), 136-141.
Esteban, L. G., Gasson, P., Climent, J. M., Palacios, P., & Guindeo, A. (2005). The wood of Pinus canariensis and it's resinous heartwood. IAWA Journal, 26 (1),69-77.
Gaspersz, V. (1991). Metode perancangan percobaan Bandung: CV. Armico.
Hani, A. (2009). Pengembangan tanaman penghasil hutan bukan kayu melalui perbanyakan vegetatif. Tekno Hutan Tanaman, 2(2), 83-92.
Haris, G. C. (1948). Resin acids. v. the composition of the gum oleoresin acids of Pinus palustris. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 70(11), 3671-3674.
Harun, S. (2016). Getah pinus salah satu produk HHBK andalan. Diakses dari http://dishut.sultengprov.go.id/2-profil/63-getah-pinus-salah-satu-produk-hhbk-andalan.html pada tanggal 8 Mei 2017.
Kasmudjo. (1992). Usaha stimulasi pada penyadapan getah pinus. Duta Rimba (XVII), 15-20.
Kasmudjo. (2010). Teknologi hasil hutan Yogyakarta: Cakrawala Media.
Mirov, N. T. (1962). Compositions of gum turpentines of pines. Technical Bulletin, (1239), 1-158.
Nanos, N., Tadesse, W., Montero, G., Gil, L., & Alia, R. (2001). Spacial stochestic modeling of resin yield from pine stands. Canadian Journal of Forestry Research, 31(7), 1140-1147.
Perhutani. (2011). Upaya meningkatkan produktivitas getah pinus menggunakan bahan yang ramah lingkungan. Diakses dari http:/www.kphcianjur.perumperhutaqni.com pada tanggal 18 Mei 2011. Rodrigues-Corrêa, K. C. S., Apel, M. A., Henriques, A. T., & Fett-Neto, A. G. (2011).
Efficient oleoresin biomass production in pines using low cost metal containing stimulant paste. Biomass and Bioenergy, 35(10), 4442-4448.
Rodrigues-Corrêa, K. C. S., Lima, J. C., & FettNeto, A. G. (2017). Pine oleoresin: Tapping green chemicals, biofuels, food protection, and carbon sequestration from multipurpose trees. Diakses dari http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/fes3. 3/full. pada tanggal 9 Mei 2017.
Santosa, G. (2010). Pemanenan hasil hutan bukan kayu (HHBK). Diakses dari http://members.multimania.co.uk pada tanggal 17 Februari 2011.
Satil, F., Selvi, S., & Polat, R. (2011). Ethnic uses of pine resin production from Pinus brutia by native people on the Kazdag Mountain (Mt.Ida) in Western Turkey. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment, 9(3), 1059-1063.
Sharma, K. ., & Lecha, C. (2013). Tapping of Pinus ruxburghii (Chir Pine) for oleoresin in Himachal Pradesh, India. Advances in Forestry Letters (AFL), 2(3), 53-57.
Shmulsky, R., & Jones, P. D. (2011). Forest products and wood science: An introduction (6 ed). Chichester, West Sussex, UK.: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Suharisno. (2009). Grand strategy pengembangan hasil hutan bukan kayu nasional. Makalah pada Workshop Pengembangan HHBK, Yogyakarta 13 Januari 2009. Diakses dari http://www.dephut.go.id. pada tanggal 23 Agustus 2016.
Sukadaryati. (2014). Pemanenan getah pinus menggunakan tiga cara penyadapan. Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan, 32(1), 62-70.
Sukadaryati., & Dulsalam. (2015). Penggunaan stimulan cuka kayu dalam penyadapan pinus. Dalam Dulsalam, G. Pari, A. Santoso, Djarwanto, Krisdianto (Penyunt.) Prosiding Seminar Teknologi dan Inovasi Keteknikan Kehutanan dan Pengolahan Hasil Hutan dalam Menunjang Industri Pengolahan Hasil Hutan Tahun 2014 (pp. 31-42). Bogor.
Sukarno, A., Hardianto, E. B., Marsoem, S. N., & Na'iem, M. (2013). Hubungan perbedaan ukuran mata bor terhadap produksi getah Pinus merkusii Jungh et de Vriese. Jurnal Pembangunan dan Alam Lestari, 4(1), 38-42.
Sukarno, A., Hardianto, E. B., Marsoem, S. N., & Na'iem, M. (2015). Oleoresin production, turpentine yield and components of Pinus merkusii from various Indonesia provenances. Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 27(1), 136-141.
Waluyo, T. W., Wahyudi, I., & Santoso, G. (2012). Pengaruh metode dan arah sadap terhadap produksi getah jelutung Hutan Tanaman Industri. Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan, 30(4), 301-313.
Wiyono. B. (2010). Teknologi pengolahan gondorukem hidrogenesi dari hasil penyulingan getah pinus. Laporan Penelitian. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Keteknikan Kehutanan dan Pengolahan Hasil Hutan, Bogor.
Wiyono, B., Tachibana, S., & Tinambunan, D. (2006). Chemical composition of pine resin, rosin and turpentine oil from West Java. Journal of Forestry Research, 3(1), 7-17.
