Pengaruh Perbedaan Proporsi Sampah Polystyrene Paper (PSP) terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Kesintasan Larva Kumbang Hitam (Zophobas morio Fab.)

Abstract

Plastic pollution is a global problem that is urgent to be solved immediately. Meanwhile, the increase in world population has resulted in an increase in plastic waste. One type of plastic that is widely used by people is polystyrene paper (PSP). Darkling beetle larvae (Zophobas morio Fab.) are known to be able to degrade polystyrene. This study aims to determine the effect of the proportion of Polystyrene Paper (PSP) on of Z. morio larvae’s growth and survival rate as well as PSP degradation rate by Z. morio larvae. The research was conducted at Center for Development of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Jember, Indonesia. The Z. morio larvae used had a body length of 3 - 4 cm and a body biomass of 0,17 - 0,27 g. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) for 4 weeks. Parameters measured included body length growth, wet and dry biomass growth, survival rate, and PSP degradation rate. The results showed that the proportion of PSP had a significant effect on the larvae growth and PSP degradation rate by Z. morio larvae. The lower the proportion of PSP waste, the higher the growth of Z. morio larvae. However, the difference in the proportion of PSP waste had no significantly effect on the survival rate of Z. morio larvae. The highest proportion responding to PSP waste degradation occurred in P4 (10% concentrate + 80% PSP + 10% chayote) was 1.492 mg/g-larvae/week.

ABSTRAK

Pencemaran plastik merupakan salah satu permasalahan global yang urgen untuk segera diatasi. Sementara, pertumbuhan penduduk dunia yang terus meningkat memberikan konsekuensi kecenderungan peningkatan sampah plastik. Dari berbagai jenis plastik, Polystyrene Paper (PSP) merupakan salah satu jenis plastik yang sering digunakan masyarakat. Larva Kumbang Hitam (Zophobas morio Fab.) diketahui mampu mendegradasi polystyrene (PS). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh proposi sampah PSP terhadap pertumbuhan dan kesintasan larva Zophobas morio Fab. (Z. morio) serta tingkat degradasi sampah PSP oleh larva Z. morio. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Gedung Laboratorium Terpadu dan Sentra Inovasi Teknologi (LTSIT) Universitas Jember, Indonesia. Larva Z. morio yang digunakan berukuran panjang tubuh 3 - 4 cm dan biomassa tubuh 0,17 - 0,27 g. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) selama 4 minggu. Parameter yang diukur antara lain pertumbuhan panjang tubuh, pertumbuhan biomassa basah tubuh, pertumbuhan biomassa kering tubuh, kesintasan larva, dan tingkat degradasi sampah PSP. Pengambilan data parameter penelitian dilakukan setiap tujuh hari sekali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proporsi sampah PSP berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan larva dan tingkat degradasi sampah PSP oleh larva Z. morio. Semakin rendah proporsi sampah PSP, maka semakin tinggi pertumbuhan larva Z. morio. Namun, perbedaan proporsi sampah PSP berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap kesintasan larva Z. morio. Proporsi yang memberikan respons terjadinya degradasi sampah PSP tertinggi terjadi pada P4 (10% konsentrat + 80% PSP + 10% labu siam) sebesar 1,492 mg/g-larva/minggu.