ARKEOLOGI PULAU TERLUAR DI MALUKU: SURVEI ARKEOLOGI PULAU MASELA
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Abstract
Masela is one of the ninety-two outermost islands in Indonesia. Situated in the southern-end of the Maluku Islands, Masela is a part of the islands in the bordering region with Australia. Having a strategic value geographically and geohistorically, archaeological research in this island has not been done yet. This paper is the record of the first archaeological study in Masela which have been conducted at the second half of 2012. This research is a further attempt to understand the cultural history in Masela by observing archaeological potential in this island. The Reconnaissance survey has been adopted as an approach to record the past material culture in the coverage survey areas. The result of this study shows that Masela have three distinctive character in relation to the archaeological potential of the region that consist of: construction and distribution of ancient settlements; traces of traditional burials; and living traditions among local communities. In developing the research theme related to this three potentials, might be initiated through the study of ancient settlements in this island.
Masela adalah satu di antara sembilan puluh dua pulau terluar yang ada di Indonesia. Terletak di ujung selatan Kepulauan Maluku, pulau ini merupakan bagian dari bentang luas pulaupulau yang berbatasan dengan daratan besar Australia. Memiliki nilai strategis secara geografis dan geohistoris, kajian arkeologis atas pulau ini belum pernah dilakukan.Tulisan ini adalah rekam hasil penelitian arkeologis perdana di Pulau Masela yang dilakukan pada paruh kedua tahun 2012. Tulisan ini merupakan upaya lebih jauh untuk memahami wajah sejarah budaya Masela dengan mengamati segenap potensi arkeologis di wilayah ini yang telah direkam melalui sudut pandang arkeologi pulau terluar. Survei penjajakan diadopsi sebagai pendekatan untuk merekam secara luas ragam bukti materi masa lalu yang tersebar di pulau ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Pulau Masela menunjukan tiga karakter khas dalam kaitan dengan potensi arkeologis di wilayah ini: konstruksi dan distribusi pemukiman kuna; jejak penguburan tradisional; dan situssitus terkait sejarah lokal. Pengembangan tema penelitian terkait ketiga potensi, kiranya dapat diinisiasi melalui pendalaman kajian atas situs-situs pemukiman kuna di wilayah ini.
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