PENINGGALAN MEGALITIK DI WILAYAH PERBATASAN KALIMANTAN: KONTAK BUDAYA ANTARA KEPULAUAN INDONESIA DAN SERAWAK
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Abstract
As a region in borderline, North Kalimantan is rich of cultures, especially megalithic remains. The lack of facilities and infrastructures resulted in minimum access to these sites, so that explorations can’t be done completely. The problem that appears is that the length of cultural contact between borders is still unknown. The purpose of this study is to explain the connection of megalithic cultures of North Kalimantan (Indonesia), Serawak (Malaysia), and also other megalithic cultures in Indonesia. The method used in this study is cultural diffusion approach through literature studies about megalithic in the border region of North Borneo and Sarawak as well as Indonesia in general. The results shows that the distribution of stone jars in the borderline regions indicated a cultural connection between Sarawak in Malaysia and several places in Indonesia (Central Sulawesi, Samosir, Toraja, and Bima).
Sebagai wilayah perbatasan, Kalimantan Utara mengandung kekayaan budaya terkait dengan peninggalan megalitik. Kurangnya sarana dan prasarana mengakibatkan akses ke situssitus tersebut sangat sulit untuk dicapai, sehingga eksplorasi yang telah dilakukan dari beberapa kegiatan belum bisa menjangkau keseluruhan. Permasalahan yang muncul dengan keterbatasan itu adalah belum diketahui secara jelas sejauh mana kontak budaya antara megalitik wilayah perbatasan Kalimantan Utara dengan megalitik yang ada ditempat lain. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk memberikan gambaran hubungan antara megalitik di perbatasan Kalimantan Utara dengan megalitik di Serawak serta megalitik di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah melalui pendekatan difusi budaya melalui studi literatur hasil-hasil penelitian terhadap megalitik di wilayah perbatasan Kalimantan Utara dan megalitik yang ada di Serawak dan di Indonesia secara umum. Hasil yang dicapai menunjukkan bahwa didasarkan atas persebaran bentuk-bentuk tempayan batu di wilayah perbatasan menunjukkan adanya koneksitas budaya dengan tempayantempayan batu di Serawak dan beberapa tempat lain di Indonesia (Sulawesi Tengah, Samosir, Toraja, dan Bima).
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