THE INFLUENCE OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS ON THE ABUNDANCE OF MACROZOOBENTHOS IN KUNGKILAN RIVER, SOUTH SUMATERA
Main Article Content
Abstract
Macrozoobenthos are effective bioindicators for assessing freshwater ecosystem health. This study examines the influence of physicochemical parameters and spatial-temporal variation on macrozoobenthic abundance in the Kungkilan River, South Sumatera. Sampling was conducted at upstream, midstream, and downstream sites. Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) analysis revealed that water depth and transparency had significant positive effects, while iron (Fe) in sediment had a negative effect. Random effects analysis showed that site-level variability (variance = 0.680) was far greater than temporal variability, indicating that spatial differences—especially in the midstream zone—were the dominant drivers of community structure. These findings highlight the importance of localized conservation efforts and reinforce the role of macrozoobenthos as reliable indicators of river health in tropical ecosystems.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
a). Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
b). Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
c). Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
References
Abd Elnabi MK, Elkaliny NE, Elyazied MM, Azab SH, Elkhalifa SA, Elmasry S, Mouhamed MS, Shalamesh EM, Al-horieny NA, Abd Elaty AE, Elgendy IM, Etman AE, Saad KE, Tsigkou K, Ali SS, Kornaros M, Mahmoud YA (2023) Toxicity of Heavy Metals and Recent Advances in Their Removal: A Review. Toxics ;11(7):580. doi: 10.3390/toxics11070580.
Asare D, Li G, Zheng Y, Tan B, Zhang S, Mpwaga A, Boateng A, Bissih F (2025) Investigating the effect of acute toxicity exposure to combined FeSO4 and FeCl3 in Litopenaeus vannamei through analysis of survival, metal ac-cumulation, oxidative stress, and in-testinal flora. Ecotoxicology and Envi-ronmental Safety. 292. 117923. 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117923.
Bundschuh M & Mckie B (2016) An ecologi-cal and ecotoxicological perspective on fine particulate organic matter in streams. Freshwater Biology. 61. 10.1111/fwb.12608.
Cheng C, Zhang F, Shi J, Kung HT (2022) What is the relationship between land use and surface water quality? A re-view and prospects from remote sens-ing perspective. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 29(38):56887-56907. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-21348-x.
El Yaagoubi S, El Alami M, Harrak R, Azmizem A, Ikssi M, Aoulad MMR (2023) Assessment of functional feed-ing groups (FFG) structure of aquatic insects in North- western Rif - Moroc-co. Biodivers Data J. ;11:e104218. doi: 10.3897/BDJ.11.e104218.
Ernawati E, Rohyani I, Ardi R, Wahyun-ingsih A, Muflihah B, Zubair R (2023) Macrozoobenthos Diversity as A Bio-indicator of Water Quality in River Sesaot Village Narmada West Lom-bok. Jurnal Biologi Tropis. 23. 543-550. 10.29303/jbt.v23i2.4860.
Farguell J, Chavez J, Ochoa L (2024) As-sessment of a process-based urban river restoration using biological and hydro-geomorphological indicators. The Congost River at Granollers (Catalonia, Spain). J Environ Manage ;369:122424. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122424.
França, MV, Shimabukuro, EM, Smith, W S, Morilla, M, Taniwaki, RH (2025) Im-pact of Sugarcane Cultivation on Ben-thic Macroinvertebrate Communities in Tropical Streams. Limnological Re-view, 25(2), 13. https://doi.org/10.3390/limnolrev25020013.
Fu L, Jiang Y, Ding J, Liu Q, Peng Q, Kang M (2015) Impacts of land use and en-vironmental factors on macroinverte-brate functional feeding groups in the Dongjiang River basin, southeast China. Journal of Freshwater Ecology. 31. 1-15. 10.1080/02705060.2015.1017847.
Ge J, Chen J, Zi F, Song T, Hu L, He Z, Wu L, Ding Y, Li H (2025) Seasonal Var-iations in Macrobenthos Communities and Their Relationship with Environ-mental Factors in the Alpine Yuqu River. Biology (Basel), 14(2):120. doi: 10.3390/biology14020120.
Henderson K, Murdock J, Lizotte R (2021) Water depth influences algal distribu-tion and productivity in shallow agri-cultural lakes. Ecohydrology. 14. 10.1002/eco.2319.
Izagirre O, Serra A, Guasch H, Elosegi A (2009) Effects of Sediment Deposition on Periphytic Biomass, Photosynthet-ic Activity and Algal Community Struc-ture. The Science of the total envi-ronment. 407. 5694-700. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.06.049.
Kreiling AK, Govoni DP, Pálsson S, Ólafsson JS, Kristjánsson BK (2022) Invertebrate communities in springs across a gradient in thermal regimes. PLoS One;17(5):e0264501. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264501.
Lukhabi DK, Mensah PK, Asare NK, Akwetey MFA, Faseyi CA (2024) Ben-thic macroinvertebrates as indicators of water quality: A case study of estu-arine ecosystems along the coast of Ghana. Heliyon. 10(7):e28018. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28018.
Munyai LF, Gumede BP, Dondofema F, Da-lu T (2025) Environmental characteris-tics shape macroinvertebrate commu-nity structure across spatiotemporal scales in a subtropical African river system. Sci Rep. 15(1):6595. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-91346-9.
Pati, SG, Paital, B, Panda, F, Jena, S, & Sahoo, DK (2023) Impacts of Habitat Quality on the Physiology, Ecology, and Economical Value of Mud Crab Scylla sp.: A Comprehensive Review. Water, 15(11), 2029. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15112029.
Sahidin A, Herawati H, Wardiatno Y, Setyobudiandi I, Partasasmita R (2019) Macrozoobenthos as bioindica-tor of ecological status in Tanjung Pasir Coastal, Tangerang District, Banten Province, Indonesia. Biodiver-sitas Journal of Biological Diversity. 19. 62-84. 10.13057/biodiv/d190347.
Smith H, Wood PJ, Gunn J (2003) The in-fluence of habitat structure and flow permanence on invertebrate commu-nities in karst spring systems. Hydro-biologia; 510:53–66.
Szałkiewicz E, Kałuża T, Grygoruk M (2022) Detailed analysis of habitat suitability curves for macroinvertebrates and functional feeding groups. Sci Rep. ;12(1):10757. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-15096-8.
Teristiandi N (2021) The impact of rainfall intensity on the composition of aquatic insect larvae in Lematang River, In-donesia. AACL Bioflux 14(6):3701-3710.
Teristiandi N, Yuliana M, (2024) Distribution of functional feeding group of macro-zoobenthos in Lematang River, Mera-pi, South Sumatera. AACL Bioflux 17(4):1803-1813.
Tuan AA, Can L, Nhan N, Schmalz B, Luu T (2023) Influences of key factors on river water quality in urban and rural areas: A review. Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engi-neering. 8. 100424. 10.1016/j.cscee.2023.100424.
Vári Á, Podschun SA, Erős T, Hein T, Pataki B, Iojă IC, Adamescu CM, Gerhardt A, Gruber T, Dedić A, Ćirić M, Gavrilović B, Báldi A (2022) Freshwater systems and ecosystem services: Challenges and chances for cross-fertilization of disciplines. Am-bio. 51(1):135-151. doi: 10.1007/s13280-021-01556-4.
Wang Z, Wang C, Jiang H, Liu H (2022) Higher dissolved oxygen levels pro-mote downward migration of phospho-rus in the sediment profile: Implica-tions for lake restoration. Chemo-sphere; 301:134705. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134705.
