POTENTIAL OF ENCAPSULATION Bacillus cereus BTH-22 AGAINTS BACTERIAL WILT DISEASE ON EGGPLANT -
Main Article Content
Abstract
Endophytic bacteria are a group of bacteria that live in plant tissues, potentially as biological agents of plant diseases, especially wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum and as an inducer of eggplant (Solanum melongena) plant growth. One of these bacteria is Bacillus cereus BTH-22 which was isolated from healthy eggplant stems in Kediri. The purpose and formulation of the problem are to obtain an encapsulation formulation of B. cereus BTH-22 which has the potential as a biological agent against wilt disease caused by R. solanacearum and as an inducer of eggplant (S. melongena) plant growth. The novelty of the research is the encapsulation formulation of B. cereus which is applied to eggplant plants with wilt, because the application generally uses root soaking, watering to the soil surface, mixing with fertilizer, liquid and powder formulations but all are easily washed away by rain. The research method is as follows: (1) Making encapsulation formulation: 75% Na-alginate with 10% aloe vera extract (Na-1) and 75% Na-alginate, 0.875% zeolite and 0.875% sago flour (Na-2), (2) Sterile soil, inoculate R. solanacearum and prepare 1 month old plants, (3) Application of encapsulation formulation was carried out 3 days after inoculation of R. solanacearum (107CFU/mL) using a Completely Randomized Design with 3 replications. Observations were made on days 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49 including : disease intensity, plant height, number of leaves, number of flowers. The results of the study showed: viability in the Na-1 and Na-2 treatments was higher than control at the 48th to 96th hours, disease intensity in the Na-1 and Na-2 treatments was lower than control at the 7th to 49th day, plant height in the Na-1 and Na-2 treatments was higher than control at the 14th to 49th day.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
a). Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
b). Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
c). Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
References
Aoki, K., Wang, B., Chen, J., & Nishiumi, T. 2012. Diffusion coefficients in viscous sodium aginate solutions. Electro-chimica Acta, 83:348-353.
Badan Pusat Statistik (2023) Produksi Tana-man Sayuran Terung, Tomat, Wortel Menurut Kabupaten/Kota dan Jenis Tanaman di Provinsi Jawa Timur
Chen K, Chen C, Lin Y, Chen M (2013) Formu-lation of a novel antagonistic bacte-rium based biopesticide for fungal dis-ease control using microencapsulation techniques. J. of Agricultural Sci. 5 (3) : 153-163
Dobrincic A, Balbino S, Zoric Z, Pedisic S, Bursa K, D Elez Garofuli, I Dragovic-Uzelac (2020) Advanced technologies for the extraction of marine brown al-gal polysaccharides. Mar. Drugs. 18 : 168
Fanucci D, Seese J (1991) Multi-faceted use of calcium alginates. A painless, costef-fective alternative for wound care management. Ostomy Wound Manage 37:16–22
Fathi F, RS Riseh, P Khodaygan (2021) Sur-vivability and controlled release of al-ginate-microencapsulated Pseudomo-nas fluorescens VUPF506 and their ef-fect on biocontrol of Rhizoctonia solani on potato. Int. J. Biological Macromole-cules. 183 : 627-634. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.159
Kago KE, MZ Kinyua, OP Okemo, MJ Muthini (2016) Bacterial wilt, a challenge in
solanaceous crops production at Ken-yan highlands and lowlands. World J. of Research and Review. 3 (1) : 6-11. https://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr
Martínez-Cano, B., Mendoza-Meneses, CJ., García-Trejo, JF., Macías-Bobadilla, G., Aguirre-Becerra, H., SotoZarazúa, GM., & Feregrino-Pérez, AA (2022) Review and perspectives of the use of alginate as a polymer matrix for microorgan-isms applied in agro-industry. Mole-cules. 27(13):42-48. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules271 34248
Miskiyah, Widaningrum, Juniawati (2020) Optimasi pati-alginat sebagai bahan pengkapsul bakteri probiotik terhadap karakteristik beads. J. Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan. 9(1) : 9-13. https://doi.org/10.17728/jatp.4569
Muslim S, Salman, Fitriani L, Netty S, Erizal Z, Febriyenti, Aldi Y, Akmal D (2015) Use of bioblend polystyrene/starch for coating urea granules as slow release fertilizer. J. of Chemical and Pharma-ceutical Research. 7(11) : 478–484
Nielsen SD, K. Koren, K. Lobmann, M. Hinge, A. Scoma, KU. Kjeldsen, H. Roy (2020) Constraints on CaCO3 precipitation in superabsorbent polymer by aerobic bacteria. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 104 : 365–375
Nurlaeli, H (2012) Enkapsulasi Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskula (CMA) dengan campuran Natrium Alginat-Lidah Buaya serta uji efektivitas pada inang tomat. Thesis Universitas Sebelas Maret. Surakarta
Pitchaon, M., Tanawan, W., Thepkunya, H (2013) Tamarind kernel powder, gum arabic and maltodextrin as a novel combination for encapsulating agents of phenolic antioxidants. International Food Research J. 20(2) : 645-652
Pour MM, RS Riseh, R Mohammadinejad, A Hosseini (2019) Investigating the formulation of alginate-gelatin encap-sulated Pseudomonas fluo-rescens (VUPF5 and T17-4 strains) for controlling Fusarium solani on potato. Int J. of Biological Macromolecules. 133: 603-613. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.04.071
Purnawati A, H Nirwanto (2021) Biodiversity of endophytic bacteria from eggplant in lowland. Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings. 224-226
Purnawati A, W Harjani, H Nirwanto (2019) Selection and formulation of endophyt-ic bacteria as plant resistance elicitor against wilt disease of tomato. Agro-tech Res J. 3 (2) :103-106
Ramírez V, J Martínez, M del Rocio Bustillos-Cristales, D Antonio, J Antonio Munive, A Baez (2022) Bacillus cereus MH778713 elicits tomato plant protec-tion against Fusarium oxysporum. J Appl Microbiol. 132 : 470–482. https://doi.org/10.1111/jam.15179
Riseh RS, M Pour M (2020) The effect of Ba-cillus subtilis Vru1 encapsulated in al-ginate bentonite coating enriched with titanium nanoparticles against Rhi-zoctonia solani on bean. Int J Biol Mac-romol 152:1089–1097. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.197
Styana, UIF (2010) Penggunaan metode coat-ing campuran zeolit dan pati untuk meningkatkan keterikatan nitrogen dan kekuatan pada pupuk granul.
Thesis Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yog-yakarta
Suci IA, I Astar (2022) Enkapsulasi urea menggunakan biokomposit zeolit alam alginat-pati sagu sebagai model pupuk lepas lambat (slow release fertilizer). Al Kimia. 10 (1) : 2-11
Sumanti, DM, IL Kayaputri, II Hanidah, E Su-karminah, MM Pakel (2017) Effect of alginate concentrations on characteris-tics of Lactobacillus acidophilus and their viability. The 2nd International Conference on Sustainable Agriculture and Food Security: A Comprehensive Approach, KnE Life Sciences : 494–505. https://doi.org/10.18502/kls.v2i6.1070
Todar K (2015) Online Texbook of Bacterio-lology. https://textbookofbacteriology.net/nutgro, https://textbookofbacteriology.net/growth
Tuhumury GNC, Hasinu JV, Kesaulya H (2021) Activity test of Bacillus spp against bacterial wilt (R. solanacea-rum) on tomatoes by in vitro. IOP Conf Ser: Earth Environ Sci 883 (1): 012027. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/883/1/01202