Oray-Orayan dalam Perspektif Struktural: Menelisik Tradisi Lisan dan Kearifan Lokal Kota Cimahi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55981/tambo.2026.11592Keywords:
Structural Analysis, Oray-orayan, Cultural Symbol, Oral TraditionAbstract
This study was motivated by the decline of traditional games in urban areas, which has hindered the process of cultural value inheritance. The study focused on the narratives found in the children's game "Oray-orayan" played by children in three areas in the Cimahi Tengah sub-district, Cimahi City. Data was collected through observation, documentation, and transcription of the game songs. The study employed a qualitative method with Claude Lévi-Strauss's structural approach. The analysis revealed that the game songs contain a narrative structure that incorporates ethical values, social norms, and cultural symbols of an agrarian society. Binary oppositions such as sawah (rice field) versus leuwi (deep river) and entong (don't) versus mending (rather than) reflect symbolic conflicts that construct cultural meaning within the game song. These findings affirm that traditional games like Oray-orayan serve an important function as a medium for transmitting local wisdom while also functioning as an educational tool in shaping children's character.
References
Afiati, N. (2012). Struktur Kakawihan Kaulinan Barudak di Masyarakat Sunda [Tesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia]. http://repository.upi.edu
Aulia, A., & Suyatno. (2021). Esensi Budaya Permainan Tradisional Anak di Era Globalisasi. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 5(2), 1801–1812. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v5i2.6030
Bogdan, R. C., & Biklen, S. K. (2007). Qualitative research for education: An introduction to theories and methods (5th ed.). Boston: Pearson.
Creaghe, S. (2022). Symbolic play as a zone of proximal development: An analysis of informational exchange. Social Development, 31(3), 564–577. https://doi.org/10.1111/sode.12592
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.
Danandjaja, J. (2002). Folklor Indonesia: Ilmu Gosip, Dongeng, dan Lain-lain. Jakarta: Pustaka Utama Grafiti.
Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (Eds.). (2018). The SAGE handbook of qualitative research (5th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.
Dundes, A. (1997). Binary opposition in myth: A structuralist approach. In Myth and mythmaking. University of California Press.
Endraswara, S. (2013). Metodologi penelitian folklor: Konsep, teori, dan aplikasi. Yogyakarta: Omkara.
Kurniawan, D. (2023). Pergeseran minat anak terhadap permainan tradisional: Studi kasus di perkotaan Jawa Barat. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Budaya, 15(1), 45–59. https://doi.org/10.25077/jisb.v15i1.2023.45-59
Finnegan, R. H. (2012). Oral literature in Africa (Rev. ed.). Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers. Diakses dari http://library.oapen.org/bitstream/20.500.12657/31251/1/612580.pdf
Garaigordobil, M., Berrueco, L., & Celume, M.-P. (2022). Developing Children’s Creativity and Social-Emotional Competencies through Play: Summary of Twenty Years of Findings of the Evidence-Based Interventions “Game Program”. Journal of Intelligence, 10(4), 77. https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence10040077
Gump, P. V., & Sutton-Smith, B. (1971). The “it” role in children's games. In E. M. Avedon & B. Sutton-Smith (Eds.), The study of games (pp. 390–397). New York: Wiley.
Haris, I., & Hastuti, D. (2016). Pemanfaatan permainan tradisional sebagai media pembelajaran anak usia dini untuk mengembangkan aspek moral dan bahasa anak. Eksplorasi: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kajian Ilmu Sosial, 28(2), 45–52. https://ejurnal.unisri.ac.id/index.php/Exsplorasi/article/view/1297
Jakobson, R. (1960). Linguistics and poetics. In T. A. Sebeok (Ed.), Style in language (pp. 350–377). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Lévi-Strauss, C. (1963). Structural anthropology. New York: Basic Books.
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.
Permana, D., & Suparta, I. N. (2022). Penelitian struktural dan etnopedagogik permainan anak di Sumedang. Lokabasa, 13(1), 10–22. https://ejournal.upi.edu/index.php/lokabasa/article/view/3162
Rogoff, B. (2003). Firsthand learning through intent participation. Annual Review of Psychology, 54, 175–203. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.54.101601.145118
Sari, D. P., Mulyadi, D., & Hartati, R. (2022). Tradisi lisan sebagai media pembelajaran nilai sosial dan budaya. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra, 22(2), 188–197. https://ejournal.unitomo.ac.id/index.php/pbs/article/view/3232
Sugiyono. (2019). Metode penelitian kualitatif, kuantitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
UNESCO. (2003). Convention for the safeguarding of the intangible cultural heritage. https://ich.unesco.org/en/convention
Syafrida, Y., & Suparno. (2020). Penelitian folklor dan nilai edukasi pada permainan tradisional Melayu Kapuas Hulu. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran Bahasa, 9(3), 311–320. https://jurnal.untan.ac.id/index.php/jpdpb/article/view/45853
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Tambo: Journal of Manuscript and Oral Tradition
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
